Library | ESG issues
Energy Solutions & Decarbonisation
Energy solutions and decarbonisation refer to strategies and technologies that reduce carbon emissions while ensuring reliable and sustainable energy supply. This includes renewable energy sources like wind, solar, and hydropower, energy efficiency measures, electrification, carbon capture, and clean energy innovations. Decarbonisation is essential for mitigating climate change, enhancing energy security, and transitioning industries toward low-carbon operations.
Refine
548 results
REFINE
SHOW: 16
Toward clean and inclusive electrified economies: A business imperative
This report examines the transition to clean, inclusive electrified economies. It highlights opportunities in buildings, transport and industry while addressing barriers like affordability and workforce readiness. It recommends that businesses invest in skills, expand product access and collaborate with governments to ensure an equitable and competitive global energy transition.
India renewable energy market report 2026: Analysis and forecast to 2030
This report examines India’s progress as a global renewable energy leader, forecasting growth to 530 GW by 2030. It analyses solar PV dominance, competitive auctions, system integration, and domestic manufacturing. The study also explores biofuel, biogas, and hydrogen developments alongside substantial energy security benefits from reduced fossil fuel imports.
Reconsidering Limits to Growth: Integrating energy transition and circular economy in an extended World3 framework
This research extends the World3 model to analyse the impact of the energy transition and circular economy on global sustainability. Findings indicate that while these strategies delay systemic overshoot and collapse, they cannot prevent decline under continued growth. Structural changes in consumption patterns are identified as necessary for stability.
Energy system digitalization report
This report examines the global transition towards digitalised energy systems, noting a $2.3 trillion investment in 2023. It explores how smart grids, digital twins, and the Common Information Model (CIM) enhance efficiency and integrate renewables, while outlining the standards and challenges essential for modernising energy infrastructure.
Climate City Contract 2030 climate neutrality investment plan: Guidance and explanations
This guidance document assists Mission Cities in developing a 2030 Climate Neutrality Investment Plan. It provides a systematic framework to quantify capital requirements, identify funding sources, and establish enabling policies. The plan integrates with the Climate City Contract to mobilise investment for city-wide decarbonisation efforts.
Biodiversity impacts of renewable energy
This study quantifies the biodiversity impacts of 47,616 renewable energy plants globally. While solar and hydro account for 90% of impacts, these are highly concentrated in a small number of projects. Better siting and firm-level screening can substantially reduce ecological harm without compromising energy transition goals.
Understanding I-PEPs: a framework for steering portfolio decarbonisation and supporting real-economy transition
This policy note introduces Indicators for Portfolio-related Emission Performance (I-PEPs). Developed for the Green Finance Alliance, these performance-based metrics enable financial institutions to steer portfolio decarbonisation. The framework focuses on year-on-year emission changes, providing a resource-efficient alternative to traditional accounting-based financed emissions for real-economy transition.
Turning climate strategy into action: How telecom leaders can build the business case for carbon reduction measures
This GSMA handbook provides telecommunications practitioners with frameworks to develop robust business cases for carbon reduction initiatives. It covers feasibility screening, financial appraisal through cash flow analysis, and scenario building to account for climate risks. The report also details methods for incorporating non-financial strategic benefits into investment decisions.
Australia’s iron ore sector at a crossroads – Business as usual or time to embrace green iron?
Australia’s iron ore sector faces headwinds as Chinese demand declines and competition from projects like Simandou rises. With export revenues forecast to fall, the report identifies a AU$300 billion green iron opportunity. Australia must pivot to high-grade ores and hydrogen-based ironmaking to maintain long-term market prosperity.
Bridging the gap: NDCs 3.0, National Transition Plans and Climate Investment Prospectuses
This report proposes Climate Investment Prospectuses to connect Nationally Determined Contributions 3.0 with private capital. It explains how National Transition Plans and standardised documentation can bridge communication gaps, identify investable pipelines, and mobilise transition finance at scale, particularly for emerging markets and developing economies.
Make it here: Building Australia’s clean industrial future
This report outlines Australia’s potential to generate $215 billion by 2035 by manufacturing clean technologies onshore. By leveraging mineral wealth and establishing Renewable Energy Industrial Precincts, Australia can shift from exporting raw materials to producing high-value batteries, wind turbines, and electric vehicles, creating 53,000 regional jobs.
Global electricity review 2026
Ember’s 2026 Global Electricity Review reveals that solar power met 75% of global demand growth in 2025, halting fossil generation rise. Renewables reached 33.8% of the mix, overtaking coal for the first time. The report highlights falling battery costs and the decoupling of demand growth from fossil fuel consumption.
Large carbon dioxide emissions avoidance potential in improved commercial air transport efficiency
This study analyses 2023 flight data to evaluate aviation carbon efficiency. Findings suggest that operating routes at demonstrated optima could reduce emissions by 10.7%. Significant reductions are achievable through efficient aircraft models, all-economy layouts, and 95% load factors, offering a robust pathway for decarbonisation without limiting transport capacity.
E-fuels in cars - Unaffordable for drivers: An analytical assessment of the cost of e-petrol in Europe
This briefing evaluates the economic feasibility of e-petrol for passenger vehicles in Europe. It finds that e-petrol will cost approximately four times more than fossil fuels by 2030, making it unaffordable for most drivers compared to battery-electric alternatives. The report recommends prioritising e-fuels for aviation and shipping instead.
Rethinking Germany’s hydrogen-led transition: Demand shortfalls, infrastructure risk and the public cost of overbuilding
This IEEFA report warns that Germany's overoptimistic hydrogen demand projections risk creating a €45 billion fiscal liability. Building oversized infrastructure ahead of demand shifts costs to taxpayers via the amortisation account. It recommends prioritising liquid derivative imports and gating pipeline expansion to verified industrial demand to protect long-term competitiveness.
Renewable energy financing landscape in India: The journey so far and the need of the hour
This report examines India's renewable energy financing landscape, detailing the transition from non-banking financial companies to commercial banks and international bond markets. It analyses falling solar tariffs, historical funding barriers, and emerging opportunities in energy storage and rooftop solar necessary to achieve India's 2070 net-zero mandate.
