Bitcoin mining has significant environmental impacts, driven by its reliance on electricity-intensive processes. In 2020-2021, mining consumed 173 TWh of electricity, primarily from fossil fuels, and emitted 86 Mt CO2, contributing to climate change, water scarcity, and land use issues. Global regulatory action is urgently needed.

This report explores blockchain's potential to address climate challenges and foster smart, sustainable cities. It highlights blockchain's capacity for decentralisation, transparency, and efficiency in urban governance, renewable energy, and civic participation. Recommendations include multi-stakeholder collaboration, educational initiatives, and human-centred design to ensure ethical, inclusive implementation for climate resilience and innovation.

This report explores legal, policy, and regulatory frameworks to develop high-integrity biodiversity credit markets. These markets aim to finance nature-positive and equitable outcomes, providing innovative and scalable funding for biodiversity conservation and restoration. This report provides investors with insights into the legal and regulatory foundations that support high quality offset markets. As such, this report can be used as a tool to inform policy advocacy in the biodiversity credit market space.

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of the current status and challenges faced by Indigenous peoples and local communities in managing their lands and territories. It highlights the importance of these lands for biodiversity conservation, climate resilience, and cultural heritage. This report supports investors in integrating biodiversity into investment decision-making by providing crucial insights into the stewardship of Indigenous lands. It informs engagement and stewardship activities with corporations, and, through the provision of data about the importance of these lands for the provision of ecosystem services, aids in assessing biodiversity impacts and dependencies, and highlights the importance of sustainable land management.

This extended article by the Financial Times captures how nature loss is impacting businesses across the globe, comparing and contrasting biodiversity loss with climate change. The challenges and opportunities for businesses presented by the nature crisis are also discussed, with the article closing by reinforcing the business case for responding to nature loss.

This reference guide builds on the Green Bond Principles and Green Loan Principles as well as related resources, including the ICMA Handbook for Impact Reporting. It also aligns with targets in the recently adopted Global Biodiversity Framework. Both the Green Bond Principles and Green Loan Principles list biodiversity as an eligible use of proceeds. However, they do not provide a granular description of the types of projects that fit this category. The purpose of this reference guide is to address this gap and provide an indicative list of investment activities that contribute to protecting, maintaining, or enhancing biodiversity and ecosystem services and sustainably managing living natural resources through the adoption of practices that integrate conservation needs and sustainable development.

This report provides an overview of the key methodological and conceptual trends among the private sector assessment and disclosure approaches on nature-related issues. It provides comparative research on seven leading standards, frameworks and systems for assessment and disclosure on nature-related issues

The report explores the concept of interconnected justice in global climate and nature transitions. It highlights the need for policies that integrate environmental, social, and economic dimensions, advocating multi-actor dialogues and frameworks to mitigate cross-border inequalities.

The report evaluates progress in corporate and financial net zero policies across G20 nations. It highlights uneven adoption, notable gaps in ambition, and policy divergence. While disclosure and taxonomies advance, integration of just transition, adaptation, and nature remains limited. The report calls for global alignment to meet 1.5°C targets.

The Aviva case study demonstrates the company's efforts to tackle deforestation as part of their climate and biodiversity strategies. Aviva uses data from various sources to assess deforestation risks in its corporate holdings, real assets, and sovereign debt.

BIOFIN (Biodiversity Finance Initiative) supports countries in developing and implementing financing solutions for biodiversity conservation. It focuses on integrating biodiversity into national financial strategies and investment plans. By promoting innovative funding mechanisms, BIOFIN aims to enhance sustainable development and ensure effective resource management for natural ecosystems.

This study analyses differences in climate change reporting across seven newspapers from Australia, Canada, and the UK. Using machine learning, it highlights variations based on country, political orientation, and key climate events. The research uncovers differing terminology and approaches, with more urgent language emerging over time, reflecting increasing global awareness of climate change.

This report analyses how the top 20 highest-emitting countries address pro-climate behaviour through their Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs). It highlights that while progress has been made in promoting electric vehicles, public transport, and household energy efficiency, crucial areas like sustainable diets and air travel are often overlooked, limiting the potential for impactful change.

Ocean Risk and Resilience Action Alliance (ORRAA) brings together finance, insurance, and environmental sectors to address ocean-related risks and enhance coastal resilience. ORRAA mobilises investment into ocean-based solutions to mitigate climate change, protect ecosystems, and support vulnerable communities.

This report explores how embedding Indigenous knowledge in landscape conservation and restoration projects can enhance environmental outcomes. It emphasises the importance of involving Indigenous peoples as rights-holders, respecting their cultural responsibilities, and using their long-term knowledge systems to improve ecological health. The report also outlines principles for investors to engage Indigenous leadership, promoting projects that support ecosystem-wide sustainability and resilience.

This report investigates the impact of trade sanctions on the stability of climate coalitions, finding that sanctions can increase coalition size when coalitions are large. However, smaller coalitions risk destabilisation if retaliation occurs. While sanctions may foster cooperation, global welfare implications remain mixed due to trade distortions.