Library | ESG issues
Gender Rights
Gender rights refer to the equal rights, responsibilities, and opportunities of all people, regardless of gender identity, particularly affecting women, transgender and non-binary people. This includes access to resources, opportunities, and protections without discrimination. Despite progress in areas such as education and legal reforms, challenges persist, including discriminatory laws, social norms, and underrepresentation in leadership positions. Advancing gender equality is essential for sustainable development and the realisation of human rights.
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Closing the gender health gap: The investment case and capturing Australia's window of opportunity
This report identifies the gender health gap as a systemic market failure and significant investment opportunity. Closing this gap could boost the global economy by US$1 trillion annually by 2040. In Australia, the opportunity is valued at US$24.8 billion per year, offering a time-limited ten-year window for investors.
Firm pay, amenities, and inequality
This research assesses firm-specific amenity valuations using discrete choice experiments linked to German administrative records. It finds that amenities widen between-firm inequality by 20% in variance terms. Furthermore, gender differences in valuations contribute to female sorting into lower-wage firms, as women prioritise non-wage attributes more highly.
Women's empowerment principles series
This series examines how businesses integrate women’s empowerment and gender equality across leadership, workplaces, marketplaces and communities. It uses the Women’s Empowerment Principles Gender Gap Analysis Tool to assess corporate policies and practices, support benchmarking and identify opportunities for businesses to strengthen gender equality approaches over time.
Profits and social impacts: Complements vs. tradeoffs for lenders in three countries
This research examines the tradeoff between lender profits and social impact using machine learning across three countries. It demonstrates that algorithmic targeting significantly boosts profit margins in South Africa and the Philippines but may reduce financial inclusion for women and low-income borrowers unless balanced strategies are implemented.
Anti-harassment policy and the startup labor market
This paper studies the effects of state-level NDA-weakening laws on hiring in over 50,000 U.S. VC-backed startups from 2014–2022. Anti-harassment reforms reduce female hiring by approximately 8%, concentrated among junior women and small startups, while also triggering internal restructuring including more female promotions and male manager departures.
The criticality of gender equality in the race for critical minerals
This report explores how the rising demand for critical minerals risks exacerbating long-standing gender inequalities within the mining sector. It provides factual recommendations for governments and organisations to implement gender-responsive impact assessments, inclusive consultation, and equitable benefit-sharing mechanisms to safeguard women's rights globally.
Closing the loop: The quest for gender parity in African tech
This report examines gender parity in Africa's technology sector. While Africa leads in women's STEM representation globally, significant drop-offs occur at key career stages. The research identifies barriers such as biases and funding gaps, offering actionable strategies to enhance recruitment, support career progression, and increase access to start-up financing.
CARE for women: Investing in care delivery to improve women’s lives and livelihoods
This report examines the 34% of the global women's health gap caused by care delivery failures. Focusing on cardiovascular risk and perinatal depression, it outlines the CARE framework to standardise screening and referral pathways, demonstrating that preventative care investments yield a three- to six-fold return.
Cracking the credit code: Alternative data and AI for financial inclusion
This report explores how alternative data and artificial intelligence are redefining credit scoring to enhance financial inclusion for women and underserved borrowers. It analyses market trends, evaluates the risks of algorithmic bias, and provides actionable recommendations to scale responsible, inclusive credit access across emerging markets.
Our Watch: Change the story and key frameworks
Change the Story is an evidence-based national framework developed by Our Watch to guide the primary prevention of violence against women in Australia. It examines social, economic and cultural drivers of gender inequality and outlines coordinated actions across institutions and communities to address these underlying causes.
Our Watch
Our Watch is an Australian not-for-profit organisation leading primary prevention of violence against women and children. It promotes gender equality through research, frameworks, education and workplace programmes. Initiatives such as “Change the Story” support policy and practice change, helping organisations address drivers of gender-based violence across communities, workplaces and institutions.
Advancing gender equality through gender lens investing
Examines gender lens investing as an approach integrating gender analysis into investment decisions to promote equality and returns. Outlines strategies, benefits, challenges, and case studies, linking to SDGs and emphasising measurement, engagement, and diverse investment practices.
Invisible barriers: How gender norms impact financial inclusion A framework for classifying norms and developing strategies to address them
This CGAP Focus Note presents a framework classifying gender norms by strength and prevalence to address barriers to women’s financial inclusion. Drawing on diagnostics in Rwanda, Tanzania and Uganda, it outlines four intervention strategies for development and market actors to transform financial systems and advance women’s economic empowerment.
Women’s equality in the workplace series
The Gender Equality Report & Ranking is an annual benchmark series, first launched in 2017, that assesses corporate gender equality across publicly listed companies using Equileap’s proprietary scorecard. It enables investors and finance professionals to compare company performance, monitor progress and incorporate gender equality considerations into investment analysis.
State of the artisanal and small-scale mining sector series
This series provides an overview of the artisanal and small-scale mining sector, examining its structure, operating context, and governance considerations. It explores economic, social, environmental, and regulatory dimensions to support informed analysis, comparison, and ongoing assessment of developments across the sector over time.
Advancing gender equality and women’s empowerment: Target setting guidance for banks
This guidance outlines how banks can set and implement measurable targets to advance gender equality and women’s empowerment across leadership, portfolios, financial inclusion and ecosystems, aligned with the Principles for Responsible Banking and Women’s Empowerment Principles.