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Private Equity

Ownership stakes in private companies (not listed on exchanges), often through buyouts, venture capital, or growth financing.

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Refugee-related investments: Myth or reality?

The World Bank
This report examines the current state of refugee-related investment, a subset of impact investing focused on companies benefiting forcibly displaced people. It discusses the need for sustainable solutions for refugees' economic inclusion, the challenges faced by this nascent field, and recommendations for governments, development partners, and private sector actors to accelerate refugees' social and economic inclusion while benefiting host countries.
Research
27 September 2023

An introduction to responsible investment: Biodiversity for asset owners

Principles for Responsible Investment (PRI)
This introductory guide for asset owners explores the financial risks and opportunities associated with biodiversity loss. It explains the relevance of biodiversity to investment processes and outlines how asset owners can incorporate biodiversity considerations into their responsible investment policies, stewardship practices, and disclosures.
Research
9 April 2024

Global Slavery Index

Walk Free
The Global Slavery Index (GSI) by Walk Free provides comprehensive data on the prevalence of modern slavery in 160 countries, detailing how many people are affected, their vulnerabilities, and governmental responses.
Online tool/database
20 May 2024

Financial crimes and land conversion: Uncovering risk for financial institutions

World Wide Fund for Nature (World Wildlife Fund – WWF)
This report outlines the risks financial institutions face due to land conversion and related financial crimes. It emphasises the convergence of land conversion with crimes like money laundering and corruption, highlighting the need for robust due diligence and risk assessment. It introduces an Environmental Crimes Financial Toolkit to aid institutions in mitigating these risks.
Research
22 April 2024

Respecting Indigenous rights: An actionable due diligence toolkit for institutional investors

Amazon Watch
This toolkit offers practical guidance for investors to respect Indigenous rights. It covers understanding and incorporating these rights into investment policies, assessing and addressing impacts, and ensuring Free, Prior, and Informed Consent. This toolkit aims to mitigate risks and uphold international human rights standards.
Research
26 April 2023

Is CSRD working for financial institutions? A look into how CSRD is being rolled out across the financial sector

Nordic Sustainability
The Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD), an ambitious EU regulation, demands increased transparency from financial institutions (FIs). Challenges include lack of sector-specific guidance and data collection difficulties. Despite the focus on reporting, FIs must use CSRD strategically to align financing with sustainability goals and ensure long-term compliance.
Research
16 April 2024

Banking on climate chaos: Fossil fuel finance series

Rainforest Action Network
The "Banking on Climate Chaos" benchmark report examines global banks' financing of fossil fuel companies, highlighting trends and policy shifts impacting climate goals. This series offers critical insights into financial institutions' roles in supporting fossil fuel expansion and their climate commitments.

Benchmark/series

Catalytic capital: A key to aligning infrastructure investments with climate mitigation in emerging markets

Global Impact Investing Network (GIIN)
This report provides a roadmap for directing more institutional capital toward climate infrastructure financing in emerging markets. It identifies the importance of using catalytic capital and outlines four themes crucial to its effective use: targeting, speed, support, and analysis. The report offers recommendations for how to address climate challenges through targeted catalytic interventions.
Research
27 September 2023

Climate scorpion – the sting is in the tail: Introducing planetary solvency

Global Systems Institute (University of Exeter)
The report explores the risks and impact of climate change on a global scale. The report emphasises the need for a realistic risk assessment urgently and laying out a blueprint on developing a Planetary Solvency framework.
Research
12 March 2024

The materiality of sustainability for investors

This report discusses five sustainability trends that could impact investment portfolios over the long-term: climate change, multi-stakeholder driven society, resource degradation, demographic challenges, and technological revolution. The paper provides thought-provoking insight on the impacts of sustainability trends have on investment performance and how they are evolving investment decision-making frameworks.
Research
19 June 2020

Investor toolkit on human rights

Investor Alliance for Human Rights
This toolkit provides practical guidance for institutional investors to assess and address human rights risks within investment activities. With tools, case studies and standard-setting activities, this investor toolkit encourages proactive management of human rights risks.
Research
20 May 2020

Investing with SDG outcomes: A five-part framework

Principles for Responsible Investment (PRI)
This report outlines a five-part framework for investors to align their investments with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It includes incorporating ESG issues into investment analysis and decision-making, being active owners, promoting acceptance of the framework, and reporting on progress.
Research
10 October 2020

The impact potential assessment framework (IPAF) for financial products

Sustainable Finance Observatory
The Impact Potential Assessment Framework for financial products (IPAF) is a multi-purpose tool developed to assess products based only on their actions to generate real-life impact. Using public information, it evaluates the product's maximum impact potential through four widely documented mechanisms.
Research
13 March 2023

Experimental evidence for tipping points in social convention

This study shows the theoretical and empirical existence of a tipping point for changing social conventions. Minority groups can overturn established behaviour by reaching a critical mass, expected to vary depending on social setting. The findings offer insight for organizations with potential shifts in conventional behaviour.
Research
8 June 2018

Investing in influence: Investors, portfolio firms, and political giving

Increased institutional ownership of US corporations has led to a discussion about the benefits and risks of asset management companies in control. This paper examines whether the political preferences of institutional investors affect the political contributions of portfolio firms. The results suggest that a large acquisition by an investor is associated with increased political giving by both the investor and acquired firm.
Research
17 January 2023

Mobilizing money and movements: Creative finance for food systems transformations

Global Alliance for the Future of Food
This report explores creative financing strategies for transforming food systems. Through six case studies, it showcases levers of change for transformational investing, including blended finance, shared ownership, and diverse investment types. The report emphasizes community engagement and local food production to build sustainable and resilient food systems.
Research
24 May 2022
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