This research introduces 'generative debunking' using large language models to combat climate misinformation. By synthesising psychological best practices with computational tools, the study develops three models using the 'truth sandwich' approach. Expert evaluation indicates that structured prompting and retrieval-augmented generation significantly improve the identification and explanation of logical fallacies.

This report evaluates how 'AI middle powers' can use public procurement as a strategic governance tool to mitigate risks from foreign-led frontier AI. It proposes a framework of contractual guarantees and recommends international coordination to increase bargaining leverage, enhance visibility, and secure data sovereignty against technological dependencies.

This report introduces a practical framework for integrating health co-benefits into urban climate monitoring. It details a five-step process for selecting robust indicators across air pollution, active travel, and sustainable diets. The framework helps cities justify climate policies, enhance accountability, and strengthen public support through evidence-based decision-making.

Extreme weather and climate change are destabilising agricultural supply chains, eroding traditional risk-management effectiveness. This report demonstrates how investing in regenerative agriculture builds resilience, potentially safeguarding $500 million in annual profits. It provides a framework for companies and investors to mitigate financial risks and secure long-term value.

This research examines the global economic consequences of maritime disruptions in the Strait of Hormuz. Utilising Portwatch data, the analysis demonstrates that traffic shocks act as stagflationary forces, significantly increasing energy prices, reducing global industrial production, and tightening financial conditions through widened corporate and sovereign bond spreads.

This report proposes a resilience-financing architecture to fund natural infrastructure. By wrapping catastrophe bonds with government credit enhancement, it creates a spread to finance landscape-scale mitigation. This mechanism aims to preserve insurability, reduce systemic climate risk, and convert unpriced contingent liabilities into structured, capped financial positions.

This research examines the global expansion of index-based ownership from 2004 to 2023. Using a benchmark-free classification model, the study finds global index ownership reached 16.9% by 2023. It highlights significant regional variations, noting that US ownership is highest in mid-caps, whereas European and Asian indexing remains concentrated in large-cap firms.

This research examines how corporate stewardship and policy advocacy address global externalities. Stewardship is more effective when foreign regulation is absent and leakage is high. However, if foreign regulation is feasible, stewardship can crowd out policy, while advocacy can encourage international regulatory coordination through strategic complementarity.

This report examines the strategic value of science-based targets for nature. Drawing on insights from early adopters across diverse sectors, it identifies six key business benefits, including protected revenue and enhanced credibility. It outlines a structured approach for organisations to manage environmental impacts while future-proofing operations against regulatory shifts.

This research investigates bank executive compensation since the Great Financial Crisis. It finds that longer deferral horizons successfully reduce risk-taking and encourage prudent capital management. However, evidence regarding variable pay caps is inconclusive. Case studies from 2023 failures highlight governance shortcomings in risk-adjusting performance metrics and compensation schemes.

This playbook provides a framework for companies, investors, and policymakers to evaluate share buybacks based on long-term merits. It recommends objective capital allocation, decoupling executive pay from buyback-influenced metrics, and enhancing regulatory disclosures and trading restrictions to ensure repurchases support sustainable corporate strategy rather than short-term gains.

FCLTGlobal research identifies a significant gap between corporate climate commitments and long-term business strategies. Analysing the world’s 100 largest companies, the report introduces a Conversation Guide to help organisations integrate climate transition planning into core value creation, capital allocation, and risk management to build investor trust and resilience.

This report examines the integration of sustainability standards and initiatives (SSIs) into public mining governance. Through surveys and case studies in Brazil, Madagascar, and Sweden, it demonstrates how voluntary standards complement mandatory regulations to address environmental, social, and governance risks, supporting policy formulation, implementation, and transparent reporting.

This research investigates how administrative frictions and institutional environments influence corporate green bond issuance. Using global data from 2013–2024, it finds that bureaucratic complexity reduces green labelling probability, particularly outside transition-intensive sectors. Mandatory sustainability disclosure significantly increases issuance, highlighting the importance of efficient implementation for sustainable finance policies.

This IAASB publication provides guidance on applying materiality under ISSA 5000. It explains concepts such as double materiality, performance materiality, and aggregation risk. The FAQs assist practitioners in planning and reporting on sustainability assurance engagements, clearly distinguishing between an entity's reporting process and a practitioner's assurance application.

This research explores scaling parametric insurance to enhance municipal climate resilience in emerging markets. It identifies key barriers to uptake, maps the existing support ecosystem, and proposes three priority actions to improve the financial viability and affordability of insurance solutions for subnational governments worldwide.