This benchmark series tracks the progress of institutional investors across Asia in integrating climate considerations into governance, investment, engagement, disclosure and policy advocacy. It provides a consistent and structured assessment framework to evaluate investor alignment with net zero pathways and climate-related financial risks and opportunities.

This paper critically examines investor stewardship, shifting from traditional shareholder-focused governance towards "enlightened stewardship." It advocates balancing fiduciary duties with broader societal and environmental considerations. Analysing the evolution of the UK Stewardship Code, it highlights a systemic shift to integrate sustainability and stakeholder concerns alongside financial returns for long-term value creation.

The report outlines investor expectations for corporate just transition planning, offering a framework for assessing companies' strategies in transitioning to a net zero economy. It highlights key principles, including stakeholder engagement, economic stability, and social equity. Investors are advised to evaluate transparency, governance, and worker support measures to ensure responsible and sustainable corporate transitions.

The report underscores the need for inclusivity in the digital revolution, highlighting gender disparities in STEM fields. Women are underrepresented in digital and engineering roles, limiting their access to future job opportunities. Policy interventions, improved workplace conditions, and equitable funding are essential to fostering diversity in technological innovation and ensuring sustainable, inclusive development.

The report examines the engagement strategies of ESG funds in Asia, highlighting the unique challenges posed by regulatory constraints, concentrated ownership, and political influences. Using a structured engagement pyramid, the study categorises ESG fund strategies, ranging from investment screening to direct corporate control. Despite obstacles, notable regional features can support ESG initiatives, such as shareholder voting mechanisms and strategic collaborations. The report provides insights into how ESG funds navigate these challenges to influence corporate governance and sustainability outcomes in Asia.

This guide provides insights and practical advice for investing in Natural Climate Solutions (NCS) projects within the voluntary carbon market. It emphasises the role of NCS in addressing climate change and biodiversity loss by attracting private funding to high-quality, impactful projects.

This guide supports investors in integrating nature and climate considerations into investment strategies. It offers insights and frameworks for addressing the interconnected challenges of climate change and biodiversity loss, promoting holistic and sustainable investment approaches.

The report outlines a framework for decarbonising and enhancing resilience in the built environment. It emphasises sustainable finance, improving low-performing buildings, and adapting to climate risks. Key strategies include evolving taxonomies, defining credible pathways, and addressing broader resilience, urging inclusive, scalable investments to achieve global sustainability goals.

The report provides a guide to sustainable finance in the real estate sector, focusing on green building projects eligible for green bonds and loans. It details key principles, certification frameworks like BREEAM and LEED, and sustainable finance's role in addressing climate action, resource efficiency, and social impact.

The report reviews the role of digital finance in advancing sustainability goals through bibliometric and thematic analysis of 168 studies. It identifies key themes like financial inclusion, green finance, and fintech, proposing a conceptual framework to align digital innovation with sustainable development, fostering eco-friendly investments, and promoting global financial inclusion.

Bitcoin mining has significant environmental impacts, driven by its reliance on electricity-intensive processes. In 2020-2021, mining consumed 173 TWh of electricity, primarily from fossil fuels, and emitted 86 Mt CO2, contributing to climate change, water scarcity, and land use issues. Global regulatory action is urgently needed.

This report explores blockchain's potential to address climate challenges and foster smart, sustainable cities. It highlights blockchain's capacity for decentralisation, transparency, and efficiency in urban governance, renewable energy, and civic participation. Recommendations include multi-stakeholder collaboration, educational initiatives, and human-centred design to ensure ethical, inclusive implementation for climate resilience and innovation.

This report discusses results of a global Investor Nature Survey to understand what is motivating their work, where they see risk and opportunity, and how the investment footprint on nature is evolving today. This report provides investors with an overview of the latest trends and opportunities in nature finance, highlighting innovative financial instruments and investment strategies for supporting biodiversity.

This resource includes a deep dive into tools that can be used now by financial institutions to measure the biodiversity and SDG footprint of their portfolios. This report supports investors in assessing the biodiversity impacts of their portfolios, providing methodologies and case studies to guide the evaluation and mitigation of biodiversity risks.

The report explores how fiscal policy can mobilise private sector finance for sustainable development in Asia-Pacific. It emphasises green guarantees, subsidies, and roadmaps, showcasing ASEAN+3 successes in aligning fiscal policy with climate action to attract private investment and encourage sustainable economic activities.

This report highlights Asia's potential to supply raw materials for the plant-based meat industry. Key ingredients such as soy, wheat, and alternative crops like konjac and jackfruit are evaluated for their nutritional, environmental, and economic potential in Asian markets. The report suggests ways Asian countries can leverage local crops and production capacities to meet growing demand, boosting food security and supporting sustainable agricultural practices.