This series provides an overview of the artisanal and small-scale mining sector, examining its structure, operating context, and governance considerations. It explores economic, social, environmental, and regulatory dimensions to support informed analysis, comparison, and ongoing assessment of developments across the sector over time.

This benchmark series provides an annual, country-level assessment of how governments and employers respect internationally recognised labour rights. It offers a consistent framework to compare workers’ rights protections across regions and over time, supporting analysis of legal conditions, enforcement practices, and systemic risks affecting working people.

International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC) is a global trade union federation representing national union centres worldwide. It advocates for workers’ rights, democracy, and social justice through research, policy advocacy, and campaigns. ITUC publishes the Global Rights Index and engages with governments, employers, and multilateral institutions on labour standards globally issues.

PAS 7342:2025 sets out specifications for designing, implementing, monitoring and communicating sustainability attributes of sustainable investment funds. It provides requirements to support clear objectives, governance, evidence, disclosures and labelling, aiming to reduce greenwashing and improve consistency in fund communication.

British Standards Institution (BSI) Group is a global standards organisation supporting quality, safety and sustainability. It develops British and standards, certification, training and solutions across sectors, helping organisations manage risk, improve performance and meet regulatory and ESG requirements worldwide for supply chains, compliance and resilience in regulated and emerging markets.

This investor briefing examines how nature-related physical, transition and system-level risks translate into financial risks for investors. It outlines macroeconomic and company-level impacts, and describes how institutional investors can integrate nature considerations into investment strategies, stewardship and policy engagement.

This case study details the 15-year policy journey in Wales to embed sustainable development into government functions, starting with the Government of Wales Act 1998. Developed legislation along the way established clear accountability mechanisms, including the Future Generations Commissioner, to ensure public bodies actively contribute to seven defined wellbeing goals.

This guidance outlines how banks can set and implement measurable targets to advance gender equality and women’s empowerment across leadership, portfolios, financial inclusion and ecosystems, aligned with the Principles for Responsible Banking and Women’s Empowerment Principles.

This report reviews sustainability disclosure standards and regulatory uptake, focusing on climate-related risk management. Using case studies, it examines IFRS S1 and S2 implementation, materiality assessments and transition plans, highlighting disclosure gaps, data challenges and practical approaches to improve decision-useful climate risk reporting.

IFRS S2 sets mandatory climate-related disclosure requirements for entities, covering governance, strategy, risk management, and metrics and targets. It integrates TCFD recommendations and SASB guidance to improve consistency, comparability and decision-useful information for users of general purpose financial reports.

IFRS S1 sets general requirements for sustainability-related financial disclosures, requiring entities to report material sustainability risks and opportunities affecting cash flows, access to finance and cost of capital, using consistent governance, strategy, risk management, and metrics disclosures.

AASB S2 establishes mandatory climate-related financial disclosure requirements for Australian entities, aligned with IFRS S2. It requires reporting on governance, strategy, risk management, and metrics and targets, including greenhouse gas emissions, where climate risks and opportunities may affect cash flows, access to finance, or cost of capital.

AASB S1 is a voluntary Australian standard setting general requirements for sustainability-related financial disclosures. It outlines objectives, materiality, governance, strategy, risk management, and metrics to inform users about risks and opportunities affecting cash flows, access to finance, and cost of capital.

The paper finds retail investors overestimate the climate impact of green funds versus academic experts. Expert benchmarks suggest minimal emissions effects. Informing investors reduces perceived impact and willingness to pay, reflecting misunderstandings of financial-market transmission mechanisms.

This report assesses Australia’s escalating climate risks and argues for scaling adaptation investment. It recommends improved valuation methods, a nationally coordinated adaptation investment framework, and diversified public-private financing mechanisms to reduce long-term economic damage and enhance resilience.

The study analyses 1,041 corporate emissions targets ending in 2020, finding limited accountability. Thirty-one per cent of targets disappeared and 9% failed, with minimal disclosure, media attention or market penalties. By contrast, target announcements improved media sentiment and ESG scores, raising concerns for future climate targets.