Library | ESG issues

Reporting & Disclosures

Reporting and disclosures provide transparency on a company’s financial performance, strategy, and sustainability practices. Clear, reliable disclosures improve stakeholder trust, inform investment decisions, and drive corporate accountability.

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The Sustainable Development Goals Report 2026

United Nations (UN)
This 2026 report evaluates global progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals. It reveals that only 36 per cent of targets are on track, with progress hindered by financing gaps and climate crises. The document also highlights the critical role of data and AI in future monitoring.
Research
5 August 2026

Impact of an Enterprise Template 1.3

Impact Frontiers
A structured Excel-based template from Impact Frontiers used to measure and report enterprise impact performance using the five dimensions of impact and the ABC classification system.
Online tool/database
9 December 2019

Climate-related risks, opportunities and impacts – Identification to quantification: An approach for identifying and assessing climate-related risks and opportunities and their associated anticipated impacts and anticipated financial impacts

External Reporting Board (XRB)
This guidance for New Zealand climate reporting entities details a five-phase framework to identify and assess climate-related risks and opportunities. It provides a structured approach for moving from qualitative impact assessment to the quantification of financial impacts, supporting compliance with climate standards and strengthening strategic resilience.
Research
4 August 2026

State of sustainable business 2026

Business for Social Responsibility (BSR)
This 2026 research identifies a shift toward a pragmatic era in corporate sustainability, dominated by regulatory compliance. Key findings reveal a disconnect between sustainability teams and executives, stagnant budgets, and a focus on direct operations. AI adoption is rising for reporting, though formal governance remains nascent.
Research
24 June 2026

ESG ratings and the French Duty of Vigilance Law

European Corporate Governance Institute (ECGI)
An analysis of the 2017 French Duty of Vigilance Law’s impact on corporate ESG and financial performance. Using difference-in-differences analysis, the study finds a significant negative association with social and environmental ESG scores, suggesting the law reduces rating "gaming" or prompts the production of more realistic risk disclosures.
Research
25 June 2026

Landscape of Climate Finance in Latin America and the Caribbean

Climate Policy Initiative
The report assesses climate finance across Latin America and the Caribbean from 2020–2024. Finance doubled to US$108 billion but remains well below estimated needs and unevenly distributed. It examines public and private flows, mitigation and adaptation investment, financing constraints, and measures to mobilise capital and strengthen climate resilience.
Research
22 September 2026

Land GHG Monitoring System

World Resources Institute
A high-resolution geospatial monitoring system from Land & Carbon Lab and WRI that tracks global greenhouse gas emissions and removals across agriculture, forests, and soils to support corporate accounting and climate-smart land management.
Online tool/database
23 September 2026

Taskforce on official standards and the Green Bond Principles. Phase 1: Comparison of the Green Bond Principles and the European Green Bond Standard

International Capital Market Association
This report compares the voluntary Green Bond Principles with the regulatory European Green Bond Standard. It identifies high proximity and synergy between the frameworks, providing guidance on how issuers can navigate both sets of requirements to enhance transparency and facilitate global investor recognition in the sustainable finance market.
Research
22 June 2026

The Omnibus I Directive and the EU sustainable finance trilemma: Sustainability, simplification and harmonization

European Corporate Governance Institute (ECGI)
This research analyses Directive (EU) 2026/470 (Omnibus I Directive), which simplifies the Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive and Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive. It examines how narrowing regulatory scope and removing substantive obligations impacts the balance between sustainability, simplification, and harmonisation within the European Union's financial framework.
Research
1 September 2026

Governing climate credibility: Reviewing the governance of climate and sustainability standards

Oxford Net Zero
An independent review of governance across five leading climate standard-setters: GHGP, GRI, ISO, ISSB, and SBTi. The report evaluates structures, finance, and independence, identifying strengths and transparency gaps. It offers recommendations to enhance accountability, resource governance effectively, and ensure long-term credibility for net zero objectives.
Research
31 August 2026

Natura Future P&L Tool

Natura
The Natura Future P&L Tool is a free digital platform that enables businesses to measure and monetise their environmental, social, and human impacts. It helps finance professionals integrate ESG externalities into traditional financial analysis to assess a company’s total value creation.
Online tool/database

Clean investment monitor: US update series

Rhodium Group
The Clean Investment Monitor: US Update is a benchmark series providing a comprehensive database of clean energy and transportation investment across the United States. Produced by Rhodium Group and MIT-CEEPR, it tracks the manufacture and deployment of greenhouse gas emission-reducing technologies across manufacturing, energy and industry, and retail segments.
Benchmark/series
11 August 2026

Greenwashing as aspirational signaling: From burden to benefit?

European Corporate Governance Institute (ECGI)
This research analyses the transition of sustainability disclosures from voluntary practices to mandatory legal frameworks in the US and EU. It examines the 'greenwashing enforcement gap' and argues that aspirational signalling, despite inaccuracies, can drive institutional change and attract a prosocial workforce to improve corporate conduct.
Research
18 September 2026

Connecting nature, climate, and capital: From data to decisions: Natural capital accounting in practice

Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Limited (Deloitte)
This research explores Natural Capital Accounting in New Zealand, focusing on the SEEA EA framework. It provides practical steps for businesses to quantify nature-related risks and dependencies. Through case studies, it demonstrates how environmental data informs investment, lending, and strategic management to enhance organisational resilience and long-term value.
Research
21 September 2026

Asking better questions on nature: For chief financial officers

Taskforce on Nature-related Financial Disclosures (TNFD)
This guide helps Chief Financial Officers integrate nature-related issues into financial decision-making. It outlines how to identify dependencies, assess risks and opportunities, and respond to evolving disclosure expectations. The report emphasises nature as a core driver of performance, resilience and long-term value creation within the TNFD framework.
Research
2 June 2026

International Ethics Standards for Sustainability Assurance (including International Independence Standards) and other revisions to the Code relating to sustainability assurance and reporting

International Federation of Accountants (IFAC)
IESBA’s final pronouncement establishes ethics and independence standards for sustainability assurance by introducing Part 5 to the Code. It outlines five fundamental principles and a conceptual framework to address threats, alongside requirements for tax planning, responding to non-compliance, and leader rotation for public interest entities.
Research
25 August 2025
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