Library | ESG issues

Reporting & Disclosures

Reporting and disclosures provide transparency on a company’s financial performance, strategy, and sustainability practices. Clear, reliable disclosures improve stakeholder trust, inform investment decisions, and drive corporate accountability.

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Guidance and questionnaire for assessing client sustainability preferences and motivations

Sustainable Finance Observatory
This report presents guidelines for investment firms to assess client sustainability preferences and motivations, and select financial products accordingly. The guidance outlines a three-step process toward a product recommendation and identifies keyword categories of sustainability preferences and motivational characteristics.
Research
20 September 2023

Summary for policymakers of the methodological assessment regarding the diverse conceptualisation of multiple values of nature and its benefits, including biodiversity and ecosystem functions and services

This paper is on the diverse conceptualisations of multiple values of nature, its benefits, and the valuation of nature asserts that policymaking frequently ignores nature's assorted values, focusing on only a small subset, and details how diversity in valuation is salient but challenging.
Research
9 July 2022

Are corporate biodiversity commitments consistent with delivering ‘nature-positive’ outcomes? A review of ‘nature-positive’ definitions, company progress and challenges

This article examine the emerging trend of "nature-positive" in business and large corporations. The authors propose key criteria to distinguish 'nature-positive' approaches from previous iterations, analyse company sustainability reports, and examine progress from 2016 to 2021.
Research
15 December 2022

Investor climate action plans (ICAPs): Guidance on using the expectations ladder

The Investor Agenda
This report provides guidance to investors on using the ICAPs Expectations Ladder to disclose their climate action plans. It covers investment, corporate engagement, policy advocacy, investor disclosure, and governance with specific recommendations. The report includes a glossary of terms and maps existing disclosures to the Ladder's expectations.
Research
7 July 2022

Indigenous business growth: Working together to realise potential

Supply Nation
New report says that increasing support for Indigenous businesses could, in turn, lead to prosperity for all Australians. A higher level of commitment and collaboration from both business and government is required. Challenges facing Indigenous businesses include start-up funding, skills and support systems and lack of demand for services.
Research
9 October 2018

Global assessment report on disaster risk reduction - our world at risk: Transforming governance for a resilient future

United Nations (UN)
The report explores the challenges faced in managing systemic risk, the complexity of decision-making in volatile situations and offers solutions for improving risk communication.
Research
20 July 2022

Materiality: The word that launched a thousand debates

This report explores the concept of materiality in the context of corporate sustainability disclosure. It discusses evolving definitions of materiality in the US and abroad, the need for a common language and structure for disclosure frameworks, and SASB's role in providing decision-useful and financially material information to investors and financial capital providers.
Research
14 May 2021

Sustainable Development Goals Disclosure (SDGD) recommendations

International Integrated Reporting Council (IIRC)
The Sustainable Development Goals Disclosure (SDGD) Recommendations features guidelines for corporate reporting to promote best practices and encourage corporate accountability and governance aligned with SDGs. The document includes fundamental concepts and principles of SDG disclosure, recommendations, and steps to guide implementation, offering insights for assurance providers, governments, investors, and reporting organizations of all sizes
Research
25 March 2020

Just transition criteria: How to align investments with a just transition

Impact Investing Institute
The report offers just transition criteria for investors, aligning products with climate action, socio-economic equity, and community involvement. It enhances existing frameworks, ensuring global alignment for a net-zero transition while emphasizing the three key elements: climate action, socio-economic equity, and community voice.
Research
24 May 2023

Seeing through the green: A guide to greenwashing risks for asset managers

Sustainalytics
This report is an in-depth analysis of the risks and pitfalls of greenwashing in sustainable investments. It provides an overview of the current regulatory landscape, common greenwashing practices, and best practices for addressing them.
Research
31 August 2023

Capital markets and modern slavery

Modern Slavery and Human Rights Policy and Evidence Centre
This report synthesises evidence on the role of investors in addressing modern slavery in global supply chains. Key findings reveal that data limitations pose a significant challenge for investor action. Additionally, drivers for investor action include moral standing, financial incentives, regulatory compliance, and investor-led engagement.
Research
26 April 2023

Impact due diligence and management for asset allocators: A field guide

Center for the Advancement of Social Entrepreneurship (CASE) at Duke
This report provides practical guidance for asset allocators to evaluate and manage private market funds that invest for positive impact. It covers the pre and post-investment stages, including conducting diligence of impact managers and monitoring and engaging with them
Research
8 November 2023

New frontiers in value creation: A guide to impact value creation in collaboration with impact capital managers

Tideline
This report explores new frontiers in impact value creation across private markets. It discusses key considerations for financial materiality of impact, sources of impact value creation, and modalities for impact value creation with a focus on case studies.
Research
9 February 2024

Financial crime compliance to fight modern slavery and human trafficking

Finance Against Slavery and Trafficking (FAST)
This blueprint urges financial institutions to tackle human trafficking and modern slavery, suggesting that both are a financial crime and compliance risk, and warns against wholesale de-risking. This report outlines strategies for detecting financing of such illegal activities, reducing risk, and government action towards AML/CFT risk assessments, ahead of regulatory fines and sanctions in jurisdictions worldwide.
Research
2 December 2020

Gender bonds: A toolkit for the design and issuance of gender bonds in Africa

Parallelle Finance
This toolkit was prepared to design and issue gender bonds in Africa. It provides recommendations for issuers and investors on the issuance and monitoring of gender bonds with a focus on transparency and reporting.
Research
17 February 2024

Impact investing 2.0: The way forward

Center for the Advancement of Social Entrepreneurship (CASE) at Duke
This research aims to provide insights on the rapidly evolving impact investing landscape. The report is based on a survey of 12 high-performing impact investing funds that represent a diversity of asset classes, objectives, geographies, and impact areas.
Research
7 November 2013
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