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GOAL 10: Reduced Inequality

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Angel networks in emerging markets: A guide for development institutions

Center for the Advancement of Social Entrepreneurship (CASE) at Duke
This is a comprehensive and insightful guide for organisations seeking to engage with angel investors and support the development of entrepreneurship ecosystems in emerging markets. The report covers key topics such as the nature of angel investing, challenges facing angel networks, best practices and strategies, and practical tools for development institutions.
Research
2 September 2020

Field guide to impact investing: For Australian charitable trusts and foundations

Impact Investing Hub
This is a comprehensive resource to help organisations make sustainable impact investing decisions. Covering everything from impact measurement to legal structuring, this guide contains expert insights and is designed to be an essential tool for the industry.
Research
4 October 2023

Sustainable voting behaviour of asset managers: Do they walk the walk?

This paper analyses a decade of voting data with more than 20 million observations to investigate asset manager characteristics that influence environmental, social and governance (ESG) voting patterns. Asset managers mostly vote against social and environmental proposals. Despite increased attention to sustainability, asset managers hardly voted in favour of these proposals.
Research
24 February 2021

Consideration of social risks and opportunities by occupational pension schemes

Department for Work and Pensions (UK Government)
The UK government is calling for evidence on how occupational pension schemes can appropriately consider financially material social risks and opportunities when making investment decisions. Trustees must adhere to legal requirements to take account of ESG factors in their policies but there is concern that they lack the knowledge to manage financially material social risks.
Research
24 March 2021

Wealthy private investors and socially responsible investing: The influence of reference groups

The study investigates how wealthy private investors engage with socially responsible investing (SRI) and how reference groups influence their investment behaviour. Qualitative data from 55 interviews with high-net-worth individuals (HNWIs) and industry experts show that while family members emphasize profit, fellow SRI-oriented HNWIs prioritise similarity and reputation.
Research
22 November 2021

Increasing female participation on boards: Effects on sustainability reporting

This study explores the relationship between board gender diversity and sustainability reporting using data from 2,116 banks over a ten-year period. Results indicate that having 22–50% female board members positively affects ESG disclosure, but beyond 50%, negative effects appear. It suggests that banks should mandate quotas to promote sustainable disclosure.
Research
18 June 2020

Climate governance study 2024: Moving from vision to action

Australian Institute of Company Directors
This study reveals that Australian directors increasingly prioritise climate change as a material governance issue. However, stakeholders are pulling in a variety of directions, making it challenging for organisations to execute their climate strategies. Policy uncertainty poses the most significant obstacle for climate governance, although the implementation of mandatory climate reporting from July 2025 presents an opportunity for greater accountability.
Research
5 March 2024

Adaptation, loss and damage: A global climate impact fund for climate justice

Sustainable Development Solutions Network (SDSN)
This report delves into climate justice amid anthropogenic climate change, advocating for a pilot Global Climate Impact Fund (GCIF). The fund aims to distribute the financial responsibility for the climate change transition based on attribution and contribution studies, employing standardised criteria. The report emphasises prioritising long-term resilience and sustainable development pathways.
Research
27 November 2023

Survival of the richest: How we must tax the super-rich now to fight inequality

Oxfam
This briefing paper highlights how taxing the super-rich is crucial in fighting inequality and addressing the multiple crises we are currently facing. The report provides practical solutions to raise taxes, while showcasing how decreasing economic inequality leads to decreasing gender, race, and colonial inequality.
Research
11 January 2023

Deconstructing ESG ratings performance: Risk and return for E, S and G by time horizon, sector, and weighting

MSCI Inc.
This article evaluates the relevance of key environmental, social, and governance (ESG) issues and the importance of their pillars regarding risk and return using a comprehensive analysis of market performance. It additionally compares the weighting and performance of each pillar and key ESG issues.
Research
8 January 2021

A well-being framework for cross-cultural assessment of development scenarios: A case study from North-Western Australia

This research paper evaluates the effectiveness of a well-being framework developed to assess alternative future development scenarios for the Martuwarra (Fitzroy River) in Western Australia. The framework was culturally sensitive and assisted a multicultural group in assessing scenarios. The study concludes that a well-being framework can support structured and transparent communication between culturally diverse groups.
Research
22 February 2022

Workplace health is workplace wealth: A case for investor action on worker health and a practical guide for getting started

ShareAction
This report highlights the financial benefits to companies and the economy as a whole of investing in worker health. The report urges investors to consider population health when making investment decisions, and outlines a practical guide for companies to improve worker health. Key areas include job security, mental health, and good work-life balance.
Research
1 February 2024

The geography of Australia’s digital industries: Digital technology industry clusters in Australia’s capital cities and regions

CSIRO
This report documents the location of 96 digital technology industry clusters in Australia’s capital cities, regions, and suburbs. The report draws attention to the variables that affect industry growth and development, from company profit growth to housing affordability and quality of life.
Research
7 March 2023

Rights-respecting investment in technology companies

Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
This briefing highlights the potential human rights impact of technological advancements and the responsibility of institutional investors to mitigate these risks. Based on the UN Guiding Principles, investors should implement human rights policies, assess risks and divest from companies with inadequate human rights practices.
Research
27 January 2021

Report of COMEST on robotics ethics

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)
COMEST has released a report on robotics ethics which covers the history, development, and social impact of robots. It also offers recommendations for the ethical use of robotics.
Research
14 September 2017

Engaging the ICT sector on human rights: Discrimination

Investor Alliance for Human Rights
This report examines the risks of discrimination in the Information and Communication Technologies sector and its impact on human rights. It provides company guidance on eliminating discrimination and promoting inclusion, as well as investor guidelines for holding companies accountable.
Research
6 March 2020
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