This is a series of legal and governance primers examining directors’ duties and corporate disclosure obligations in relation to climate and sustainability risks. It provides jurisdictional analysis and practical guidance to support board oversight, risk management and reporting as regulatory and market expectations evolve.

This benchmark series provides a recurring, standardised overview of global climate conditions, produced using consistent observational and reanalysis datasets. It tracks changes across key climate indicators to support comparability over time and inform assessment of longer-term climate trends within a recognised reference framework.

City-Scale Climate Hazard Indicators under Warming Scenarios is a global dataset by the World Resources Institute providing projected heat and precipitation hazard indicators for 996 large cities under 1.5°C, 2.0°C and 3.0°C warming scenarios, supporting climate risk and urban planning analysis.

RETScreen is a clean energy management software developed by Natural Resources Canada to assess renewable energy and energy efficiency projects. It supports feasibility analysis, financial evaluation, energy performance tracking and greenhouse gas emissions analysis using integrated global climate, cost and benchmark datasets.

Carbon Majors is a public database that quantifies historical and current greenhouse gas emissions attributable to major fossil fuel producers. It provides company-level data, methodologies, and analysis to support climate risk assessment, policy research, and accountability across financial, regulatory, and academic contexts.

An interactive climate financial risk tool developed by the UK Centre for Greening Finance and Investment to support scenario analysis. It enables users to explore climate transition and physical risk pathways for financial decision-making, stress testing, and research, with a focus on climate-related financial impacts.

The Positive Tipping Points Toolkit is an open-access, modular resource that supports analysis and application of positive tipping points in complex systems. It provides practical frameworks, examples and methods to identify leverage points and accelerate self-reinforcing change across social, environmental and economic contexts.

Upright Platform offers impact-based ESG analytics that quantify companies’ positive and negative effects across environmental, social and economic dimensions. The S&P 500 ESG preset enables benchmarking of index constituents using monetised impact data to support portfolio analysis and comparability.

Natural Resources Canada (NRCan) is a federal department advancing sustainable development of Canada’s energy, minerals, forests and earth sciences. It delivers research, data, policy and tools on climate change, clean energy, critical minerals and resource efficiency, supporting evidence-based decision-making by governments, industry and the public across domestic and international contexts.

Climate Accountability Institute (CAI) is a nonprofit research organisation advancing climate accountability through analysis of fossil fuel company emissions. It produces the Carbon Majors database, reports and datasets used by researchers, policymakers and litigators to assess corporate responsibility, climate risk, and transition pathways globally for energy systems and emissions transparency.

European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) is an independent intergovernmental organisation providing global numerical weather prediction and climate data. ECMWF supports forecasting, climate risk analysis, Copernicus services, research, and decision-making through high-resolution models, reanalysis datasets, and open scientific expertise.

Carbon Brief’s Attribution Studies Interactive Map is a searchable database mapping published climate-event attribution research. It shows how climate change influenced the likelihood or severity of extreme weather events globally, categorised by country and event type, with visual indicators of study findings on human-caused warming.

TransitionArc is a public-facing platform that aggregates leading corporate climate transition data and analysis, enabling comparison of companies’ progress on science-aligned targets and disclosure metrics to support investment, engagement and policy decisions. It streamlines disparate assessments into a coherent view of corporate transition performance

LobbyMap is an online database that analyses corporate and trade association lobbying on climate and energy policy. It compares stated public positions with lobbying activities to assess alignment, consistency, and potential risks for investors and financial decision-making.

Climate Arc is a non-profit organisation focused on accelerating capital flows to climate solutions. It develops data tools, research, and insights to assess transition performance across companies, sectors, and markets. Climate Arc supports investors, policymakers, and practitioners seeking credible, decision-useful climate intelligence, with a global perspective and independent analytical approach.

This literature review assesses evidence on how delayed, failed or uneven climate transitions affect UK and global financial stability. It finds intensifying physical and transition risks, potential mispricing and spillovers, and significant uncertainty, highlighting EMDE transitions as central to managing systemic financial risk.