InforMEA is a UN information portal giving central access to multilateral environmental agreements, including treaty texts, COP decisions, national reports, laws and court rulings. It also hosts a glossary, e-learning courses and tools linking MEAs to global goals.

Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) is a global treaty regulating international trade in wildlife to ensure species survival in the wild. It enforces permit systems, categorises species under appendices, and supports cooperation among 185 Parties in biodiversity conservation.

The ESA WorldCover viewer offers an interactive web-map of global land cover at 10 m resolution, enabling overlay of Sentinel-1/2 composites, statistics by region, and download of data tiles, all without software installation.

European Space Agency (ESA) is Europe’s intergovernmental organisation dedicated to space exploration, Earth observation, satellite navigation, and technological innovation. ESA collaborates with international partners, coordinates high-profile missions, and supports science, space safety and industry growth across member states.

WorldCover offers free, high-resolution global land cover maps at 10 m resolution for 2020 and 2021, via Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 data, under Creative Commons license. It supports environmental monitoring, climate research, land-use planning and biodiversity analysis.

German Mineral Resources Agency (DERA) is Germany’s national information and consultancy platform on mineral raw materials, hosted within the Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR).
DERA analyses global commodity markets, assesses supply-chain risks, and advises industry and government on raw material strategy and sustainable sourcing.

MapX is an open-source, cloud-based geospatial platform for visualising, analysing and managing environmental data. Developed by UNEP/GRID-Geneva, it supports decision-making in biodiversity, climate, land use and disaster risk, through map views, dashboards and storytelling tools.

The Opportunity Mapping tool by UNEP/GRID overlays global data on ecosystem distribution and human exposure to hazards, pinpointing areas where ecosystem protection or restoration may reduce disaster risk and protect the greatest number of people.

This tool provides interactive visualisations and tabular data of country-level trade flows in raw materials (imports, exports, trends). It enables comparisons across years, commodities and nations, and cites metadata and definitions.

Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR) is Germany’s national geological survey, advising the federal government on geoscience and raw materials. It undertakes research in earth sciences, resource management, geodata systems and sustainability. Located in Hannover, BGR coordinates national geoscientific data infrastructure and policy.

Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Action (BMWK) is a German government body responsible for economic policy, industrial strategy, energy transition, digitalisation, and climate action. It develops regulations, promotes innovation, supports businesses, and coordinates international cooperation to strengthen Germany’s economic growth while advancing sustainability and climate neutrality goals.

This report reviews research on climate finance, focusing on how climate risks affect financial markets. It discusses theoretical models and empirical evidence on pricing climate risk in equities, bonds, housing, and mortgages, and explores portfolio strategies for hedging. Future research directions in modelling, measurement, and financial stability are highlighted.

National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) is a US-based nonpartisan economic research organisation producing working papers, conferences, datasets and publications on macroeconomics, labour markets, health economics and public policy. It supports scholars and policymakers with in-depth empirical research.

This article analyses how diversified institutional investors use shareholder power to internalise climate-related externalities. It shows that investor activism drives emissions reduction targets, climate risk disclosure, and shifts in corporate lobbying, reframing governance assumptions by prioritising portfolio-wide economic stability over individual firm profit maximisation.

This report examines the link between shareholder rights and corporate performance in the 1990s. Using a Governance Index across 1,500 firms, it finds that stronger shareholder rights were associated with higher valuations, profits, and growth, while weaker rights correlated with lower performance and abnormal underperformance.

This report presents Enel’s case study on implementing CFO Principles for the SDGs. It outlines historical drivers, sustainability disruption, strategic responses, and SDG investments, highlighting decarbonisation, electrification, and financial performance assessment. The report details Enel’s renewable energy expansion, SDG alignment, and integration of sustainability outcomes with financial results.