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Infrastructure

Investments in essential physical systems and facilities (transport, energy, water, communications) that support economic and social activity.

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Global landscape of climate finance series

Climate Policy Initiative
Global Landscape of Climate Finance is a recurring benchmark series produced by Climate Policy Initiative that provides a consistent overview of global climate finance flows. It examines sources, instruments, uses, and geographic distribution of finance to track progress and comparability across years.
Benchmark/series
27 August 2025

IQAir world air quality series

IQAir
The World Air Quality Report is an annual research series assessing global air quality using ground-level PM2.5 monitoring data. It provides consistent country, regional and city-level comparisons, supported by transparent methodology and harmonised datasets to inform policy, research and investment analysis.
Benchmark/series
30 April 2025

City-scale climate hazards at 1.5°C, 2.0°C, and 3.0°C of global warming

World Resources Institute
City-Scale Climate Hazard Indicators under Warming Scenarios is a global dataset by the World Resources Institute providing projected heat and precipitation hazard indicators for 996 large cities under 1.5°C, 2.0°C and 3.0°C warming scenarios, supporting climate risk and urban planning analysis.
Online tool/database

RETScreen

Natural Resources Canada (NRCan)
RETScreen is a clean energy management software developed by Natural Resources Canada to assess renewable energy and energy efficiency projects. It supports feasibility analysis, financial evaluation, energy performance tracking and greenhouse gas emissions analysis using integrated global climate, cost and benchmark datasets.
Online tool/database

Geoportal of the BfG

Federal Institute of Hydrology (Bundesanstalt für Gewässerkunde)
The GGInA Geoportal is an online geospatial database operated by Federal Institute of Hydrology. It provides access to hydrological, waterway, and environmental spatial data for Germany, supporting analysis, research, and evidence-based decision-making through interactive maps and metadata services.
Online tool/database

Global Energy Monitor

Global Energy Monitor
Global Energy Monitor is an open-access research database that compiles and analyses global energy infrastructure data, including fossil fuel and renewable projects, via interactive tools, maps and downloadable datasets to support informed analysis of energy trends and ownership structures.
Online tool/database

Nature Enters the Boardroom: Why Directors Are Paying Attention

Drawing on Australia’s first national study of board-level engagement with nature, this article shows how directors are treating nature as a material governance and financial issue. It highlights how boards are extending climate governance systems to manage nature-related risks, adopt frameworks like TNFD, and build resilience and long-term value despite policy uncertainty.
Article
16 January 2026

Electricity Maps

Electricity Maps
Electricity Maps is a global electricity data platform offering historical, real-time and forecasted information on generation mix, carbon intensity, prices and flows via interactive maps and an API. It supports integration into applications for sustainability insights, carbon accounting and energy analysis across regions worldwide.
Online tool/database

The twin transition century

The Guild of European Research-Intensive Universities
This paper argues that Europe’s green transition depends on aligning digital transformation with sustainability goals. It outlines how digital research can both reduce its own environmental footprint and enable climate action, calling for long-term, interdisciplinary research investment and coordinated EU policy.
Research
18 September 2023

How the circular economy can revive the sustainable development goals: Priorities for immediate global action, and a policy blueprint for the transition to 2050

Chatham House
This report argues that embedding circular economy principles within the Sustainable Development Goals could revive stalled progress. It outlines five global policy priorities and proposes a 2050 blueprint linking circularity, inclusive growth, trade, finance and standards to post-2030 development agendas.
Research
18 September 2024

China coal action plan offers roadmap for coal phase-out

Asia Research & Engagement (ARE)
The report analyses China’s first quantitative coal power decarbonisation plan, outlining emissions-reduction targets to 2027 via co-firing and carbon capture. It finds retrofitted coal increasingly uncompetitive versus renewables with storage, raising risks for new coal investments and strengthening the case for no-new-coal commitments.
Research
27 September 2024

Repurposing power markets: The path to sustainable and affordable energy for all

International Finance Corporation
IFC’s report argues that repurposing power market designs is critical to achieving affordable, reliable and sustainable electricity. Drawing on global data, it finds competitive markets attract private capital, improve access and accelerate renewables, while recommending tailored reforms guided by innovation, integration and institutional strength.
Research
22 November 2024

Powering up the global south: The cleantech path to growth

Rocky Mountain Institute (RMI)
The report argues the Global South is rapidly adopting cleantech as its cheapest growth pathway, driven by low energy access, limited fossil resources and abundant renewables. Falling costs, electrification and Chinese supply underpin accelerating solar and wind deployment, with fossil fuel demand for electricity expected to peak by 2030.
Research
14 October 2024

A risk professional’s guide to physical risk assessments: A GARP benchmarking study of 13 vendors

Climate Financial Risk Forum (CFRF)
GARP benchmarks 13 vendors’ asset-level climate physical risk models, finding wide dispersion in hazard and damage estimates due to differing data, assumptions and methods. The report stresses due diligence, transparency and improved asset data when selecting vendors.
Research
23 October 2025

Banking on business as usual: The energy finance imbalance

Reclaim Finance
The report assesses energy financing by 65 major banks (2021–2024), finding fossil fuel finance more than double sustainable power supply. The energy supply financing ratio stagnates around 0.42:1, far below net-zero benchmarks, with regional disparities and weak translation of climate commitments into financing shifts.
Research
29 September 2025

The Climate Resilience Investment Framework (CRIF)

Institutional Investor Group on Climate Change (IIGCC)
IIGCC’s Climate Resilience Investment Framework provides investors with a structured approach to manage physical climate risks, integrate adaptation into portfolios, and guide asset-level, portfolio, and policy actions, prioritising real estate and infrastructure through a process-based methodology aligned with financial materiality.
Research
18 June 2025
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