Library | ESG issues
Access & Affordability
Ensuring access to essential products and services, particularly for underserved markets and populations. This includes addressing universal needs such as healthcare, financial services, utilities, education, and telecommunications. Companies involved in basic services, infrastructure, and affordable lending must manage related risks and opportunities, which can impact financial performance, regulatory exposure, and long-term resilience. Addressing access and affordability can also drive innovation, social impact, and inclusive economic growth, presenting investment opportunities.
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Achieving a nature- and people-positive future
This paper focuses on the discourse surrounding global conservation. It highlights the importance of recognising different responsibilities among actors and countries and calls for human-centred actions to ensure a safe and just future for all. It offers insights on introducing transformational elements to existing campaigns through the Earth System Justice Approach.
Earth system justice needed to identify and live within Earth system boundaries
This article considers how to integrate principles of justice within Earth’s system boundaries, specifically for climate, the biosphere, water and nutrient cycles, and aerosols. Using the Earth system justice approach, it discusses living within planetary limits whilst minimising significant harm to all people and ensuring equitable access to resources.
Climate impacts at work: Supporting a climate ready workforce
Demonstrates empirical evidence of varied climate change impacts and their effects on workers and organisations across a range of industries, working mostly in Victoria. Workers are being affected in many compounding ways. With climate change impacts continuing to worsen, workers and industry must be supported to adapt to climate change.
International Energy Agency (IEA)
The International Energy Agency (IEA) is a global organisation focused on energy policy and analysis. With a mandate to promote energy security, affordability, and sustainability, the IEA provides research, data, and insights to guide governments and industries. Visit for authoritative information on global energy trends and policies.
The promise of fintech: financial inclusion in the post COVID-19 era
This report uses quantitative and qualitative research to further our understanding of developments in digital financial inclusion driven by fintech, and their macroeconomic effects. It also details the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and discusses the future of fintech’s impacts on financial inclusion.
Inclusive business: What it is and why it matters
This report examines the concept of inclusive business as a means of enabling disadvantaged populations to participate in economic activity and share economic value. The report provides a comprehensive discussion of what an inclusive business initiative comprises and contains examples showing how they address social challenges.
Strengthening financial resilience among rural and refugee communities in Rwanda
United Nations Capital Development Fund (UNCDF) has improved financial inclusion, through implementing its Expanding Financial Access and Digital and Financial Literacy (REFAD) program in Rwanda, and by working with local partners to help cater digital financial solutions and improve financial literacy for rural and refugee communities.
Digital financial services
Discusses the potential of digital financial services (DFS) to reduce poverty and promote economic growth. Analyses DFS role in financial inclusion within households and emerging markets and developing economies. Examines constraints of regulations and frameworks and provides case studies from countries that have enabled DFS in their economy.
Financial inclusion: What have we learned so far? What do we have to learn?
Introduces financial inclusion as a dimension of financial development by presenting main findings and key insights from a micro and macroeconomic standpoint. Examines trends and provides insights into the effects of financial inclusion initiatives on the economy with a focus on household and micro, small and medium-sized (MSMEs) enterprise outcomes.
Looking beyond traditional gender lens investing approaches using Access Impact Framework in support of SDG 5: Gender equality
This report describes how Cornerstone Capital's Access Impact Framework enables investors to invest in opportunities to achieve gender equality and empowerment of girls, aligning with Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 5.
Guide posts for investment in primary health care and projected resource needs in 67 low-income and middle-income countries: a modelling study
Primary health care (PHC) is a driving force for advancing towards universal health coverage (UHC) and delivering the sustainable development goals. PHC-oriented health systems bring enormous benefits but require substantial financial investments. This guide presents measures for PHC investments and projects the associated resource needs in 67 low-income and middle-income countries.
Australia's welfare 2019: Data insights
This 14th biennial welfare report of the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, presents an overview of the welfare data landscape and explores selected welfare topics - including intergenerational disadvantage, income support, future of work, disability services, elder abuse and child wellbeing - in eight original articles.
SDG Industry Matrix: Healthcare and life sciences
Compiled by the UN Global Compact and KPMG, the SDG Industry Matrixes focus on the opportunities, principle-based initiatives, and opportunities for collaboration across seven sectors. This matrix applies to companies and initiatives in the healthcare and life sciences sector, highlighting the nexus between sustainability and value.
Poverty Footprint
The Poverty Footprint is a tool that enables companies and partners to implement a people-centred assessment of corporate impacts on poverty. The report is used to better understand the impacts of operations and value chain on people and poverty, and to turn this learning into action.
SDG Industry Matrix: Energy, natural resources and chemicals
The Industry Matrix aims to inspire and inform the private sector, driving it towards inclusiveness and sustainable prosperity by identifying opportunities for greater social and environmental change. This Matrix applies to industries involved in energy, natural resources and chemicals, outlining ways that companies can create value for shareholders as well as society.
Examining inequality 2019
The report looks at different layers of inequality highlighting the role geography and gender have on factors that increase the chance of poverty. It includes case studies examining inequality, primary health care, digital technology, how countries are being impacted by climate change, and recent global data hindering the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals.
