Library | ESG issues
Access & Affordability
Ensuring access to essential products and services, particularly for underserved markets and populations. This includes addressing universal needs such as healthcare, financial services, utilities, education, and telecommunications. Companies involved in basic services, infrastructure, and affordable lending must manage related risks and opportunities, which can impact financial performance, regulatory exposure, and long-term resilience. Addressing access and affordability can also drive innovation, social impact, and inclusive economic growth, presenting investment opportunities.
Refine
104 results
REFINE
SHOW: 16
E-fuels in cars - Unaffordable for drivers: An analytical assessment of the cost of e-petrol in Europe
This briefing evaluates the economic feasibility of e-petrol for passenger vehicles in Europe. It finds that e-petrol will cost approximately four times more than fossil fuels by 2030, making it unaffordable for most drivers compared to battery-electric alternatives. The report recommends prioritising e-fuels for aviation and shipping instead.
Beyond access: Thailand and the frontiers of financial inclusion: Harnessing innovation for inclusive and responsible finance
This report examines Thailand's transition to second-generation financial inclusion. It analyses the evolution of digital finance, regulatory innovations in digital public infrastructure, and strategies for consumer protection. The study highlights policy considerations for managing risks like household debt and fraud while fostering a competitive and inclusive financial ecosystem.
Castles & cars: Savings in the suburbs through electrifying everything technical study
This report examines the potential for Australian households to achieve significant financial savings through total electrification. It highlights that by 2030, average families could save up to $6,000 annually. The analysis stresses the importance of rapid technology adoption and policy intervention to eliminate domestic fossil fuel emissions.
Powering Australia's future
This report proposes establishing 'Sovereign Power', a Commonwealth entity to build firmed renewable generation for Australia's heavy industry. By leveraging lower public borrowing costs, it could provide electricity at $66/MWh, 44 percent below market rates, securing sovereign capability and supporting the 'Future Made in Australia' framework.
Just Transition Real Estate Monitor
The Just Transition Real Estate Monitor evaluates construction clients across ten European countries on climate goals and social responsibility. It provides finance professionals with ESG data on housing affordability, labour conditions, and decarbonisation in the built environment.
ROSI™ Real Estate: How Affordable Housing Providers Can Create Financial Value While Supporting Resident Stability
A research-based framework from NYU Stern that quantifies the financial value of sustainability in real estate, specifically showing how affordable housing providers improve financial performance by supporting resident stability.
Migrant integration statistics - housing
This report analyses housing indicators for migrants in the EU for 2025, focusing on home ownership, overcrowding, and housing cost overburden. It reveals significant disparities, with nationals maintaining higher ownership rates and lower overcrowding levels compared to non-EU citizens, supported by data from the EU-SILC framework.
End-use Prices Data Explorer
The End-use Prices Data Explorer, provided by the International Energy Agency, tracks global energy prices across sectors like industry and transport. It helps finance professionals assess the impact of energy costs, taxes, and subsidies on market competitiveness and investment risks.
Access to Medicine Foundation Research Hub
The Research Hub is a repository of reports and data on how pharmaceutical companies address global health equity. It offers company profiles, benchmarks, and thematic research to help investors assess ESG performance and access-related risks in the healthcare sector.
Key figures on European living conditions series
This benchmark series provides a comprehensive overview of European living conditions using statistical indicators. Produced by Eurostat, it covers income distribution, inequality, household characteristics, health, and disability across EU and EFTA countries. The series supports socio-economic analysis and policy development through clear visualisations and factual data.
Who pays for growth? Evidence from data centers and the grid
This research examines the impact of data centre expansion on US electricity prices. Findings indicate that entry between 2010 and 2024 increased average retail rates by 2.7%. These costs are concentrated among investor-owned utilities and pronounced in deregulated markets or regions with limited spare capacity.
Locked in and priced out: How coal power contracts fuel debt and delay the energy transition
This report examines how rigid power purchase agreements for coal power in India, Indonesia, and Pakistan create unsustainable debt and delay the energy transition. It highlights how these contracts lock in expensive, polluting energy and proposes policy solutions including payouts, technology swaps, renegotiation, and litigation.
Scaling uptake of insurance in the Municipal Climate Resilience Toolkit: Discussion paper
This research explores scaling parametric insurance to enhance municipal climate resilience in emerging markets. It identifies key barriers to uptake, maps the existing support ecosystem, and proposes three priority actions to improve the financial viability and affordability of insurance solutions for subnational governments worldwide.
Upgrading financial markets
This field experiment in rural Sierra Leone evaluates upgrading Village Savings and Loan Associations into digital financial service agents. While infrastructure expands access, introducing consumer feedback mechanisms significantly improves service quality, transaction usage, and household shock mitigation. Results demonstrate that accountability is essential for developing functional, scalable financial markets.
Pricing power in the mortgage market: Evidence from GSE fee waivers
This research examines GSE fee waivers for lower-income first-time homebuyers, revealing that lenders pass through less than 40% of these savings. Intermediaries captured over 60% of the $1.5 billion benefit. High-cost loan officers and non-banks show the lowest pass-through, highlighting significant market power and search frictions.
Wholesale Impact Funds Directory
A directory of New Zealand wholesale impact investment funds targeting social and environmental goals. It identifies specialist managers across climate solutions, affordable housing and renewable infrastructure.
