Library | ESG issues
Fisheries & Aquaculture
Fisheries and aquaculture involve both wild fishing and the farming of aquatic organisms for commercial purposes. Sustainable practices minimise environmental impacts, maintain biodiversity, and balance ecosystem health, reducing risks associated with overfishing, habitat destruction, and pollution. Responsible management of both wild fisheries and aquaculture is essential for long-term food security, economic stability, and the preservation of marine ecosystems. Investors can assess risks related to overfishing, habitat degradation, supply chain transparency and regulatory compliance.
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The nature-based solutions map
This tool is designed to help businesses identify relevant nature-based solutions (NbS) for addressing challenges related to core business operations, climate, nature, water, and social equity. It categorises NbS based on business needs and biomes, facilitating decision-making. The map serves as a starting point, requiring further development for implementation.
Innovative markets and market-like instruments for ecosystem services
This tool provides investors with a framework for evaluating and comparing different nature-based investment opportunities. It helps identify projects that offer the best combination of financial returns and environmental impact, supporting informed investment decisions.
Conservation investment blueprint: Public-private partnership for marine protected areas developed based on the case study of blue finance
The report outlines a conservation investment blueprint using public-private partnerships (PPPs) to manage marine protected areas (MPAs). Blue Finance structures collaborative management agreements and sustainable financing mechanisms to enhance marine biodiversity, support local economies, and improve climate resilience. The model combines impact investment, tourism revenues, and government collaboration for long-term MPA sustainability.
Guidelines for blue finance: Guidance for financing the blue economy, building on the Green Bond Principles and the Green Loan Principles
This guidance document aims to provide a list of eligible use of proceeds to support private investments aligned with the Green Bond Principles and Green Loan Principles and contributing to Goals 6 and 14 of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals — “Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all,” and “Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development.” This document identifies eligible blue project categories to guide IFC’s investments to support the blue economy, in line with the Green Bond Principles and Green Loan Principles.
Biodiversity measurement approaches: A practitioner's guide for financial institutions (4th edition)
This guide provides a comprehensive overview of tools and methodologies for financial institutions to assess biodiversity impacts and dependencies. It includes practical recommendations, evaluations of twelve tools, case studies, and guidance on marine biodiversity. The guide supports nature-related risk management, aligning with frameworks like TNFD and EU Biodiversity standards.
Protected Planet
Protected Planet is the most up to date and complete source of data on protected areas and other effective are-based conservation measures (OECMs), updated monthly with submissions from governments, non-government organisations, landowners and communities.
Ocean+
Ocean Plus is an initiative that brings together accurate and up-to-date information on ocean biodiversity to support effective decisions that protect global marine life. The database includes three primary datasets: Ocean+ Data viewer, Ocean+ Habitats, and Ocean + Library.
World database of key biodiversity areas
The key biodiversity areas database provides a comprehensive, robust, up-to-date, and accessible data management system for Key Biodiversity Areas, the most important sites in the world for nature (still in beta stage at time of writing).
CSIRO's state of the climate report series
This series offers insights into Australia’s climate changes based on comprehensive research from the Bureau of Meteorology and CSIRO. Each report synthesises data on climate trends, impacts, and projections, guiding informed decision-making for sustainable environmental and economic resilience.
Investigating global aquatic food loss and waste
This report explores the global issue of aquatic food loss and waste (FLW), quantifying it across various species and product types. In 2021, approximately 14.8% of aquatic foods were lost or wasted globally. The report identifies hotspots, outlines key drivers, and suggests targeted interventions to enhance sustainability in the aquatic food industry.
Ocean Risk and Resilience Action Alliance (ORRAA)
Ocean Risk and Resilience Action Alliance (ORRAA) brings together finance, insurance, and environmental sectors to address ocean-related risks and enhance coastal resilience. ORRAA mobilises investment into ocean-based solutions to mitigate climate change, protect ecosystems, and support vulnerable communities.
Diving deep: Finance, ocean pollution and coastal resilience
This report explores how financial institutions can drive sustainability in ocean-linked sectors, focusing on coastal infrastructure and waste management. It highlights sustainable financing principles, encouraging banks, insurers, and investors to mitigate environmental risks and support nature-based solutions for climate resilience, biodiversity, and economic prosperity in the blue economy.
Setting sail: Target setting in the sustainable blue economy
This report provides a manual to guide financial institutions in implementing target-setting practices within the blue economy. It outlines the principles of sustainable finance, focusing on sectors like seafood and aquaculture. The document includes guidance for creating actionable targets, monitoring progress, and integrating environmental and social risks, with case studies and examples for practical application.
Reporting framework for the Sustainable Blue Economy Finance Initiative
This framework outlines the reporting requirements for signatories to the Sustainable Blue Economy Finance Principles. It provides guidelines on what to report, how to report, and the annual reporting process. This framework supports transparency and accountability, with a focus on actions, targets, and governance structures aligned with sustainable blue economy principles.
Spotlight on nature: Case studies for business transformation towards a nature-positive future
This report highlights six case studies of businesses transforming towards a nature-positive future. It showcases their efforts to address nature-related risks and opportunities, focusing on areas such as sustainable forestry, circular resource use, soil health, sustainable seafood, biodiversity, and freshwater management.
Greenpeace
Greenpeace International is an environmental NGO advocating for global environmental protection and sustainability. With a focus on climate change, deforestation, overfishing, and other ecological issues, it engages in activism, research, and lobbying to drive positive change. Greenpeace campaigns for renewable energy, biodiversity preservation, and the mitigation of environmental damage worldwide.