This study evaluates China's rate-based National Emissions Trading Scheme using satellite imagery. It finds high-efficiency plants increased electricity generation and carbon emissions by approximately 5% relative to low-efficiency plants. The programme incentivised production without significantly reducing emission intensity, leading to an estimated aggregate increase in carbon dioxide emissions.

This research evaluates green subsidies for induction stoves in Kenya, finding that demand distortions like credit constraints significantly enhance subsidy efficacy. While usage subsidies had no impact, purchase price subsidies achieved carbon abatement at just US$12 per ton. Contexts with high distortions offer highly cost-effective climate mitigation opportunities.

A longitudinal database tracking voluntary climate commitments and greenhouse gas targets for U.S. public companies in the Russell 3000 index from 2000 to 2024.

This research explores the emergence of partisan corporate governance, focusing on Texas as a conservative competitor to Delaware. It examines legislative changes to limit shareholder litigation and influence, the regulation of proxy advisors, and the resulting legal and political risks for corporations navigating an increasingly politicised regulatory environment.

This research analyses China’s state-led stakeholder empowerment model for ESG integration. It identifies economic, policy, compliance, and sustainability drivers while examining channels such as shareholder activism and representative litigation. The article proposes a tiered institutionalisation framework to resolve procedural indeterminacy and strengthen collective action infrastructure within concentrated ownership structures.

This research examines "reverse capture", where government actors pressure large asset managers to advance political agendas. It analyses how expanding presidential power and market concentration enable this dynamic, using the ESG retreat as an illustration. The authors recommend narrowing fiduciary duties to insulate investment stewardship from political interference.

This research examines corporate governance failures in India’s financial sector, focusing on scandals at YES Bank, IndusInd Bank, and IL&FS. It analyses the impact of 'star' promoters, gatekeeper failures, and regulatory fragmentation, advocating for enhanced standards of care for directors and a wholesale reconsideration of sector-specific governance frameworks.

The report examines how geopolitical tensions, supply chain vulnerabilities and technological developments increasingly drive economic volatility. It applies O-ring theory to explain how disruptions spread through production networks, affecting inflation, investment and financial markets. It highlights implications for monetary policy, corporate resilience and long-term risk assessment.

This report examines implicit and explicit LLM biases in investment management. Through a case study on framing bias across nine OpenAI models, it identifies significant sensitivities in drawdown and client retention scenarios. It concludes that manual prompt restructuring and human-in-the-loop protocols are the most effective mitigation strategies.

This report examines the use of firm-level and integrated data sources, including enterprise surveys, household surveys, and administrative records, for enterprise policy development. It features case studies from Colombia, Ecuador, and Brazil, analysing firm resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic through various indicators such as productivity, informality, and workforce restoration.

This benchmark series examines the climate-related investment policies and actions of institutional investors in Aotearoa New Zealand. It monitors progress in embedding climate risks into financial decision-making, target setting, and investment in climate solutions, providing transparency and accountability across the local investment sector.

This research analyses Singapore's multi-layered approach to regulating artificial intelligence in finance. It evaluates frameworks like the FEAT Principles and Project MindForge while identifying risks such as deepfakes and bias. The paper recommends establishing a dedicated regulatory sandbox and shared responsibility frameworks to manage evolving technological and third-party risks.

This report is part of a series providing an analysis of labour market and social developments within the European Union. It examines the relationship between job quality, productivity and economic performance, evaluating dimensions such as earnings and job security to inform evidence-based policymaking across Member States.

This report examines findings from a survey of 32 global banks on climate-related credit risk assessment. It highlights progress in probability of default modelling and widespread adoption of NGFS scenarios, while identifying persistent challenges in data reliability, technical expertise, and the quantification of financial impacts on capital requirements.

This research article identifies three backlash archetypes that threaten to derail sustainability and justice transformations during critical transition phases. To navigate these risks, the authors propose developing three transformative capacities: harnessing hope and imagination, hospicing with dignity, and enabling radical collaboration while holding paradoxes.

Senior UK food executives warn that environmental degradation and climate change pose significant financial risks to supply chains. Current industry focus on short-term growth masks structural vulnerabilities. Investors are urged to challenge board capabilities and demand long-term resilience strategies to secure future profitability and food security.