Library | ESG issues

Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions, including carbon dioxide and methane, trap heat in the atmosphere and drive climate change. Reducing emissions is vital to mitigating global warming risks and aligning with climate targets like the Paris Agreement, influencing long-term corporate and investment strategies.

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Macroeconomic and financial policies for climate change mitigation: A review of the literature

International Monetary Fund
This research is a review of literature on the use of macroeconomic and financial policy tools for mitigating the impact of climate change. The paper explores the effectiveness of fiscal, financial and monetary policy instruments for such mitigation which it considers to be the transition to a low carbon economy.
Research
30 September 2019

Appetite for disruption: A second serving

Farm Animal Investment Risk and Return (FAIRR)
This report explores the growth of the alternative protein market, particularly in the face of supply chain disruptions, food safety concerns from COVID-19, and global emissions. This is published alongside FAIRR's Sustainable Proteins Hub, an interactive tool which allows investors to assess how companies are diversifying toward alternative, climate-positive portfolios.
Research
27 July 2020

Political leadership on climate change: The role of health in Obama era U.S. climate policies

Environmental Research Letters
To overcome climate action inertia that many governments are experiencing, the paper proposes that health can be used as a core motivator for climate action. This idea is explored through the case study of the Obama administration’s climate mitigation policies.
Research
24 September 2020

Time for AIA to prove their climate credentials

Institute for Energy Economics and Financial Analysis (IEEFA)
IEEFA report highlights AIA's discrepancies on its climate change commitments as visible from the carbon footprint of its portfolio. AIA, one of the world's largest financial firms and one of Asia's largest insurers, is estimated to hold up to US$6 billion in coal and coal-fired investments despite commitment to three global climate accords.
Research
31 December 2020

The growth of Australia's LNG industry and the decline in greenhouse gas emission standards: Increased emissions have offset any gains from renewables' rise in electricity generation

Institute for Energy Economics and Financial Analysis (IEEFA)
Discusses the growth of Australia’s liquefied natural gas (LNG) industry from 2014-2019. Finding significant growth in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions during this period. The report provides a brief history and context of Australia’s LNG boom, explains technical aspects of the industry and outlines four factors accounting for GHG growth.
Research
30 April 2020

Implementing the Taskforce on Climate-Related Financial Disclosures (TCFD) recommendations: A guide for asset owners

Principles for Responsible Investment (PRI)
The guide sets out a practical framework to support asset owners in implementing the Taskforce on Climate-related Financial Disclosures (TCFD) recommendations. The guide focuses on the actions that asset owners can take to improve processes around governance, strategy, risk management and metrics/targets for managing climate risks and opportunities.
Research
3 May 2018

Unlocking Australia's sustainable finance potential

University of Technology Sydney
Recommendations on actions by Australian Government and finance sector for unlocking the potential of sustainable finance in Australia. The basis of these recommendations are the European Union's Action Plan on sustainable finance that was adopted by the European Commission in March 2018 and the likelihood of their success in Australia.
Research
13 June 2019

Preventable Surprises

Issue Focused NGOs & Think Tanks
Preventable Surprises are a group of investment industry insiders working to persuade institutional investors to accept their fiduciary responsibility to mitigate systemic risks before the next preventable surprise. Activities include online dialogues, research reports, surveys and policy.
Organisation
3 research items

Net zero investment framework: Implementation guide

Ceres
This report provides a practical framework for investors seeking to implement net zero commitments. It builds on the draft Net Zero Investment Framework published in 2020 by the Institutional Investors Group on Climate Change, broadening to a global perspective.
Research
10 March 2021

Banking on a low-carbon future II: A ranking of the 20 largest European banks’ responses to climate change

ShareAction
This report ranks the 20 largest European banks based on their response to climate change as of the 6th December 2019. The report highlights that while the European banking sector is making progress in reflecting climate-related risks, there is need for greater integration of these risks fully into strategies, processes, risk management tools and transparency.
Benchmark/series
30 April 2020

Internal carbon pricing for low-carbon finance: A briefing paper on linking climate-related opportunities and risks to financing decisions for investors and banks

CDP
This paper makes the business case for financial firms to use an internal carbon price in investment and lending practices. Drawing on stakeholder insights, this paper provides guidance on how to best implement an internal carbon price to decarbonise portfolios and increase resilience in a low-carbon transition.
Research
31 July 2019

Time out: Why China's power companies should re-evaluate their coal capex plans

Asia Research & Engagement (ARE)
This report examines the trend of Chinese power companies’ increasing capital expenditure into coal power in China, and presents evidence of how it can be a financial risk for investors. It also provides recommendations for investors to engage with company management and apply greater scrutiny to company investments in coal fired power.
Research
15 November 2016

Paris Agreement

United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)
The Paris Agreement is an agreement between Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change that recognises the need to address climate change through adaptation and mitigation measures as a nationally and internationally collaborative effort. Parties agreed to keep global temperature rises to below 2°C above pre-industrial levels.
Research
31 December 2015

Supercharged: Challenges and opportunities in global battery storage markets

Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Limited (Deloitte)
This reports analyses trends in the global battery storage market. It identifies key drivers as well as key constraints and identifies areas for policy makers to support its development.
Research
1 January 2018

Climate justice

Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
This paper discusses issues of justice relating to climate change. Through a philosophical lens, it provides guidance on climate justice as it relates to assessing climate impacts, intergenerational justice, risk and uncertainty, responsibility, greenhouse gas budgets, and climate policy.
Research
4 June 2020

Sustainability, well-being, and economic growth

Center for Humans and Nature
Substantial reductions in economic growth for environmental and social sustainability may be unnecessary. Policies and market signals are required to conserve natural resources, equally distribute wealth and mitigate the impacts of climate change. It is argued that environmental and social goals are of greater importance in meeting the needs of society than economic development.
Research
30 September 2012
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