Library | ESG issues
Inclusive Finance
Inclusive finance, also known as financial inclusion, refers to the provision of accessible, affordable, and timely financial products and services to all individuals and businesses, regardless of income level or socioeconomic status. This encompasses services such as banking, credit, insurance, and payment systems, delivered responsibly and sustainably. By integrating underserved populations into the financial system, inclusive finance fosters entrepreneurship, reduces poverty, and promotes economic growth.
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Technology tools in human rights
This report explores technology tools available to human right defenders for collecting, managing, analysing, communicating and archiving data. HRDs should prioritise simplicity, familiarity, and ease of use when choosing a tool, and be mindful of potential security risks. Strategic partnerships and obtaining second opinions can also aid decision making.
Rights-respecting investment in technology companies
This briefing highlights the potential human rights impact of technological advancements and the responsibility of institutional investors to mitigate these risks. Based on the UN Guiding Principles, investors should implement human rights policies, assess risks and divest from companies with inadequate human rights practices.
First Australians Capital
First Australians Capital is a non-profit organisation fostering economic independence for Indigenous Australians. Empowering Indigenous entrepreneurs, it provides financial support, mentorship, and business resources. Enhancing economic self-determination, the organisation strives for sustainable Indigenous business growth.
Supply Nation
Supply Nation is Australia's leading directory of Indigenous businesses, fostering economic development for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander entrepreneurs. Connect with verified Indigenous suppliers, driving diversity and inclusion. Discover opportunities for procurement, partnerships, and support Indigenous-led enterprises for sustainable economic growth.
Debt Justice
The Debt Justice Network advocates for fair and just international debt policies, seeking solutions to global debt crises. Their work focuses on promoting responsible lending and borrowing, debt relief, and ensuring the financial well-being of nations. Explore their initiatives for sustainable debt management and economic justice.
Runnymede Trust
Runnymede Trust, accessible at www.runnymedetrust.org, is a leading UK think tank addressing racial inequality and promoting a fair and inclusive society. Explore their website for research, insights, and policy solutions that contribute to combating racism and fostering social justice in the UK.
Social Enterprise UK
Social Enterprise UK is a leading advocate for social enterprises, fostering a thriving sector. Explore resources, events, and initiatives promoting businesses with a social or environmental mission. Visit for insights into impactful business models driving positive change in the UK.
The missing middles: Segmenting enterprises to better understand their financial needs
Small and growing businesses (SGBs) have significant and positive impact on emerging and frontier markets. This report proposes a new segmentation framework to help service providers, enterprises, donors, limited partners (LPs) and field-building organisations understand and navigate the complex landscape of SGB investment in frontier and emerging markets.
Collaborative for Frontier Finance
Collaborative for Frontier Finance (CFF) is a multi-stakeholder initiative that aims to increase access to capital for small and growing businesses in emerging markets. CFF works with diverse stakeholders- including local capital providers and institutional investors to accelerate financing solutions that target Small and Growing Businesses.
Green Growth Knowledge Partnership
Green Growth Knowledge Partnership (GGKP) is a global community of policy, business and finance professionals, and organisations, committed to collaboratively generating, managing, and sharing knowledge on the transition to an inclusive green economy. They provide three knowledge platforms offering research, case studies and tools in green finance, policy, and industry.
ESG 2.0: Measuring and managing investor risks beyond the enterprise-level
This paper discusses how current institutional investing practices and asset allocation strategies conflict with ESG objectives. It encourages institutional investors to review their systematic risk-management practices and recommends the diversification of asset allocation to more regenerative investment structures and asset classes.
Global microscope 2020: The role of financial inclusion in the COVID-19 response
This report is a study of the enabling environment for financial inclusion in 55 low to middle income countries. It focuses on the role of financial inclusion in terms of how governments in those countries responded to the COVID-19 pandemic.
The Predistribution Initiative
The Predistribution Initiative is a non-profit multi-stakeholder effort to co-create improved investment practices and structures which share more wealth and influence with workers and communities. It has the ultimate aim of addressing systemic and systematic risks in markets and investors’ portfolios, such as inequality, climate change and biodiversity loss.
The promise of fintech: financial inclusion in the post COVID-19 era
This report uses quantitative and qualitative research to further our understanding of developments in digital financial inclusion driven by fintech, and their macroeconomic effects. It also details the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and discusses the future of fintech’s impacts on financial inclusion.
A research and learning agenda for the impact of financial inclusion
There is consistent evidence of financial services contributing to improved well-being, yet the influence of contextual factors is largely unknown. The theory of change framework identifies several knowledge gaps that funders/researchers can address to develop a more accurate prediction of when financial inclusion policy will generate positive wellbeing outcomes.
Consultative Group to Assist the Poor (CGAP)
The Consultative Group to Assist the Poor (CGAP) is an independent think tank that works to empower poor people to build resilience and capture opportunities through financial services. CGAP is a global partnership of more than 30 leading development organisations working to advance the lives of poor people, especially women, through financial inclusion.
