This report examines risks to electricity companies from rapid data centre growth, including community opposition and grid reliability. It evaluates solutions like clean energy, flexible contracting, and demand-side management. The guide provides framework questions for shareholder engagement to ensure utilities manage expansion in a financially disciplined and sustainable manner.

This report provides a framework for investors to manage AI-related risks in portfolio companies. It outlines material risks, categorises company significance, and introduces the AI Governance Framework. The document encourages collective action through engagement, voting, and policy advocacy to promote responsible AI development across various industrial sectors.

A leximetric dataset and index assessing state control versus ownership in 107 global defence firms, featuring the novel State Influence Index.

This report analyses the impact of the US anti-ESG movement on Canadian institutional investors. It examines governance challenges in integrated markets, shifts in proxy voting, and regulatory changes. Despite political spillover, the analysis highlights the resilience of Canadian legal frameworks and the ongoing commitment to climate-risk oversight.

This research examines the governance of dual-class firms, documenting a significant rise in their prevalence among US initial public offerings between 2000 and 2025. It identifies that these structures are increasingly concentrated in founder-led, venture-backed technology companies, while empirical evidence suggests they do not necessarily lead to CEO entrenchment.

This research examines the global expansion of index-based ownership from 2004 to 2023. Using a benchmark-free classification model, the study finds global index ownership reached 16.9% by 2023. It highlights significant regional variations, noting that US ownership is highest in mid-caps, whereas European and Asian indexing remains concentrated in large-cap firms.

This research examines how corporate stewardship and policy advocacy address global externalities. Stewardship is more effective when foreign regulation is absent and leakage is high. However, if foreign regulation is feasible, stewardship can crowd out policy, while advocacy can encourage international regulatory coordination through strategic complementarity.

This playbook provides a framework for companies, investors, and policymakers to evaluate share buybacks based on long-term merits. It recommends objective capital allocation, decoupling executive pay from buyback-influenced metrics, and enhancing regulatory disclosures and trading restrictions to ensure repurchases support sustainable corporate strategy rather than short-term gains.

This research explores the emergence of partisan corporate governance, focusing on Texas as a conservative competitor to Delaware. It examines legislative changes to limit shareholder litigation and influence, the regulation of proxy advisors, and the resulting legal and political risks for corporations navigating an increasingly politicised regulatory environment.

This research analyses China’s state-led stakeholder empowerment model for ESG integration. It identifies economic, policy, compliance, and sustainability drivers while examining channels such as shareholder activism and representative litigation. The article proposes a tiered institutionalisation framework to resolve procedural indeterminacy and strengthen collective action infrastructure within concentrated ownership structures.

This research examines three distinct models of investor engagement through case studies of BP, Honeywell and Bâloise. It highlights how financial-materiality framing and structural shifts in stewardship, including the fragmentation of 'Big Three' voters and SEC regulatory changes, are reshaping corporate governance and activist strategies for 2026 and 2027.

This research evaluates Korean governance reforms, comparing director legal liability with proportional representation. Findings indicate that markets react positively to increased director liability, especially for undervalued firms. Conversely, mandated proportional representation triggers negative reactions, as investors fear boardroom conflicts may hinder strategic decision-making and reduce board cohesion.

This research examines shareholder pressure on US fossil fuel firms’ climate strategies. Using NLP to analyse 10-K filings and SEC regulatory changes, it finds limited impact on substantive reforms. Firms often employ symbolic disclosures or procedural tactics to resist decarbonisation, suggesting that mandatory policy is required for transition.

As at 2025 there were 56 stewardship codes worldwide, 49 of them jurisdiction-specific across 24 jurisdictions and six continents, yet the field has not agreed what stewardship is ultimately for. Codes and practitioner guidance converge on process: written policies, prioritisation by severity, escalation, contribution reporting. Legal scholarship published in 2026 questions whether shareholder pressure alone shifts corporate behaviour at all.

This research evaluates the impacts of worker agency versus managerial discretion in employee recognition via an RCT in India. While worker democracy increased attendance by 11%, managerial discretion improved productivity by 6%. However, managerial control reduced work-related interactions, and worker voting encouraged collusion through reward sharing in exchange for votes.

This report analyses why shareholder-led corporate social responsibility failed in the early 2020s. It argues that political forces blocking government regulation also dismantle private CSR initiatives. Using the BlackRock-Texas conflict as evidence, it concludes that direct political action is the only viable path for systemic change.