Library | ESG issues
Water Management
Sustainable water management ensures the availability and quality of water for current and future generations by balancing economic, social, and environmental needs. This approach involves efficient water use, protection of ecosystems, and equitable distribution, addressing challenges such as scarcity, pollution, and climate change impacts. Investors can work with companies to manage water responsibly by encouraging better water use, supporting efforts to protect ecosystems, and promoting practices that ensure water resources are used efficiently and sustainably.
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GRI risk viewer
The Global Resilience Index (GRI) Risk Viewer provides global‑scale risk metrics across hazard, exposure and vulnerability to assess risks to people, planet and prosperity via open, publicly available datasets.
Oxford Programme for Sustainable Infrastructure Systems (OPSIS)
Oxford Programme for Sustainable Infrastructure Systems (OPSIS) delivers research and education on resilient, sustainable infrastructure across energy, transport, water and digital systems. Based at the University of Oxford’s Environmental Change Institute, OPSIS develops system‑of‑systems models to assess climate risks and support data‑driven decision‑making for infrastructure resilience.
Interpreting the corporate standard for U.S. public sector organizations
This guide interprets the Greenhouse Gas Protocol Corporate Standard for U.S. public sector organisations. It provides standardised methods for accounting and reporting greenhouse gas emissions, supports inventory quality, and addresses public sector-specific scenarios such as leased assets, joint operations, and regulatory compliance.
LMI Solutions
LMI provides advanced logistics, supply chain resilience and analytics solutions for U.S. federal agencies. With more than 60 years of public‑sector expertise, LMI delivers applied artificial intelligence, machine learning, modelling and simulation to enable risk‑informed decisions, optimisation of inventory and fleet sustainment, and rapid technology deployment.
GHG protocol agricultural guidance: Interpreting the corporate accounting and reporting standard for the agricultural sector
The GHG protocol agricultural guidance provides a framework for agricultural companies to develop greenhouse gas (GHG) inventories aligned with the Corporate Standard. It offers sector-specific methodologies to account for direct and indirect emissions, carbon stock changes, and unique agricultural factors such as land use change and biological processes. The guidance enhances consistency, transparency, and usability of agricultural GHG data for decision-making and reporting.
Nature positive: Leaders’ insights for the transition in cities
The report outlines strategies and case studies from global cities integrating nature into urban development to address climate and biodiversity challenges. It highlights the importance of public-private collaboration, compact planning, and nature-based infrastructure in fostering resilient, sustainable, and equitable cities. Solutions are scalable and grounded in real-world examples.
Climate risk and adaptation in global food
The report outlines rising climate risks to global food supply chains, projecting up to $38 trillion in damages by 2050. It explores mitigation and adaptation strategies across crops, livestock, and fisheries, and highlights investor actions to build resilience, support sustainable practices, and adapt to shifting market, environmental, and regulatory conditions.
Investing in a pollution free ocean
The report explores how ocean pollution poses financial, legal and reputational risks to businesses, particularly land-based sectors. It identifies data gaps as a barrier to effective decision-making and highlights opportunities in green chemistry, data innovation and sustainable finance. It recommends integrating ocean health into corporate and financial strategies.
Back to Blue
Back to Blue Initiative is a joint project by Economist Impact and the Nippon Foundation addressing ocean pollution. It focuses on data-driven solutions for plastic and chemical pollution in marine environments. The initiative offers research, policy insights and advocacy to support sustainable ocean health and inform global environmental decision-making.
The nature-based solutions map
This tool is designed to help businesses identify relevant nature-based solutions (NbS) for addressing challenges related to core business operations, climate, nature, water, and social equity. It categorises NbS based on business needs and biomes, facilitating decision-making. The map serves as a starting point, requiring further development for implementation.
Innovative markets and market-like instruments for ecosystem services
This tool provides investors with a framework for evaluating and comparing different nature-based investment opportunities. It helps identify projects that offer the best combination of financial returns and environmental impact, supporting informed investment decisions.
Australian Impact Investments (Aii)
Australian Impact Investments (Aii) is a specialist asset consulting firm dedicated to mobilising capital for positive social and environmental impact alongside financial returns. Established in 2014, Aii collaborates with charitable trusts, foundations, family offices, wealth advisors, and institutions, offering bespoke impact strategies, rigorous investment analysis, and comprehensive portfolio management. With a focus on responsible investing, Aii assists clients at every stage of their impact journey.
Bankable nature solutions
This report aims to support readers in understanding Bankable Nature Solutions (BNS) and start identifying and developing their own BNS project by providing Blueprints for Bankable Nature Solutions from across the globe to adapt to and mitigate climate change and to help our living planet thrive.
Conservation investment blueprint: Cleaner production in the textile sector - Büyük Menderes
The report outlines a conservation investment blueprint aimed at reducing water and chemical pollution in Turkey’s Büyük Menderes River Basin by improving cleaner production practices in the textile sector. It details financial models, stakeholder incentives, and replicability to enhance ecosystem health while maintaining industry competitiveness and regulatory compliance.
Conservation investment blueprint: Environmental impact bond for green infrastructure
This blueprint details the application of Environmental Impact Bonds (EIBs) to finance green infrastructure projects. It illustrates how EIBs can be used to attract private investment to public infrastructure projects that offer significant environmental benefits, such as enhanced stormwater management and increased urban resilience. The document provides a framework for structuring these bonds to ensure both financial returns and positive environmental outcomes.
Green Climate Fund (GCF)
Green Climate Fund (GCF) is a global fund established by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) to support developing countries in tackling climate change. It provides financing for mitigation and adaptation projects, focusing on low-emission, climate-resilient development. Funded by governments, GCF plays a key role in international climate finance.
