This systematic review of 127 studies finds consistent evidence that climate change worsens economic inequality, disproportionately affecting poorer countries and households. Impacts arise across sectors and regions via channels such as reduced labour productivity and agricultural losses, with strong agreement that effects are regressive.

The report assesses historical warming’s effects on national income by combining climate model counterfactuals with temperature–growth estimates. It finds warming has likely reduced GDP in warmer, lower-income countries and moderately benefited some cooler, higher-income economies, contributing to increased between-country economic inequality since 1961.

This article highlights the major climate impact of livestock and explains why the absence of clear roadmaps, metrics, and financing strategies has left the sector far behind the energy transition. It proposes policy reforms, mitigation hierarchies, and justice-centered pathways to unlock effective and equitable change.

Institute for Sustainable Finance (ISF) at Smith School of Business, Queen’s University, is Canada’s first multi-disciplinary hub aligning finance with environmental sustainability. It conducts research, publishes policy guidance, and runs education and collaboration programmes to help policymakers, investors, and firms integrate climate risk, nature, and ESG considerations into capital allocation and regulation.

Conservation International (CI) is a global non-profit that champions nature conservation to benefit both biodiversity and human societies. It uses science, fieldwork, policy and finance to protect critical land and marine ecosystems. Since 1987, CI has helped safeguard 13 million km² of land and sea across more than 70 countries.

BirdLife International, a global partnership of over 120 bird and nature conservation organisations, works worldwide to conserve bird species, protect vital habitats, and sustain biodiversity. Through science-based research, habitat protection and community engagement, BirdLife helps prevent species extinction and supports ecosystem health across continents.

International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) is a global membership Union—comprising governments, NGOs and civil-society organisations—that works to conserve biodiversity and promote sustainable use of natural resources. Founded in 1948, IUCN mobilises a network of over 1,400 Member organisations and around 16,000 experts worldwide. IUCN monitors species and ecosystems, develops data-driven policy guidance, and supports conservation and restoration projects across lands, oceans, freshwater systems and climate-sensitive regions.

The Climate Policy Database (CPDB) is an open, collaborative resource that compiles detailed information on climate-change mitigation policies worldwide. It categorises and tracks over 6,500 policies across nearly 200 countries, enabling comparison of policy adoption, identification of mitigation gaps, and support for climate-policy analysis.

The Health Attribution Library is a curated “living” database compiling peer-reviewed studies that quantify human-health impacts of anthropogenic climate change through end-to-end detection and attribution analysis.

This report outlines how climate and nature risks threaten the Earth system that underpins economies and societies. It proposes a Planetary Solvency framework, using risk-led assessment principles to inform policymakers of escalating systemic risks, tipping points and mitigation needs, emphasising the urgency of realistic global risk management to avoid severe disruption.

The report outlines climate change scenarios for New Zealand’s agriculture sector, assessing physical and transition risks across regions and farm systems. It presents orderly, disorderly and hothouse futures, highlighting impacts on production, land use and communities, and providing a foundation for sector-wide resilience planning and adaptation.

The report outlines climate change risks and opportunities for New Zealand’s agriculture sector, presenting shared scenarios and an adaptation roadmap. It identifies key challenges, drivers of change and priority actions to strengthen resilience, guide investment, support innovation and enable a coordinated, sector-wide response.

This guide provides a framework for incorporating climate-related risks and opportunities into business valuations. It outlines a five-step process, highlights data and disclosure challenges, and illustrates application through case studies. The aim is to support more consistent, transparent and informed valuation practice as climate impacts become increasingly material.

This month’s sustainable-finance roundup highlights faster transition momentum, rising physical risks and a tightening focus on accountability. COP30 reinforced expectations for stronger 2035 targets, while national actions underscored diverging paths toward decarbonisation. Markets continued shifting toward clean energy and resilience, and new science made climate harms more visible. With regulatory scrutiny and litigation increasing, transition credibility and real-economy resilience are becoming core drivers of financial risk and investment decisions.

The article explores the paradox in which institutional investors focus heavily on climate-risk disclosure, an area of comfort and perceived legitimacy, while underinvesting in real-economy climate policy that could meaningfully reduce systemic risk. It argues that meaningful climate action requires shifting from technocratic “managing tons” approaches toward politically challenging asset revaluation and more robust policy engagement.

This article dives into an analysis of over 12,000 YouTube videos and finds that while outright climate-change denial is dropping, content undermining climate solutions and trust in scientists is rising sharply. It also highlights concerns over YouTube’s ad policies, which still allow monetisation alongside videos that downplay impacts or spread misleading claims about climate policy.