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GOAL 16: Peace and Justice Strong Institutions

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Report of the working group on the universal periodic review

United Nations Human Rights Council
The report presents Norway’s fourth Universal Periodic Review, outlining human rights commitments, recent legal reforms, and policy measures. It records peer State feedback and extensive recommendations covering equality, child welfare, Indigenous rights, migration, climate action, and business and human rights, for Norway’s consideration and follow-up.
Research
20 December 2024

Salient Issue Briefing: Artificial intelligence based technologies

Investor Alliance for Human Rights
This briefing examines human rights risks from AI-based technologies in the ICT sector, outlines business, legal, and financial implications, and provides investor-oriented guidance grounded in international standards to support rights-respecting AI development, deployment, and oversight.
Research
9 April 2025

Towards sustainability position on defence investments

Towards Sustainability Labelling Agency (CLA)
The report sets a pragmatic policy on defence investments for Towards Sustainability-labelled funds, permitting defensive, non-lethal and dual-use activities with strict ESG due diligence, while excluding weapons producers. It affirms defence funding as primarily a government responsibility.
Research
26 June 2025

Commission unveils the white paper for european defence and the rearm europe plan readiness 2030

European Commission
The report outlines the EU’s White Paper on European Defence and the ReArm Europe Plan, targeting defence readiness by 2030 through closing capability gaps, strengthening the defence industrial base, and mobilising over €800 billion via public, EU, and private funding mechanisms.
Research
19 March 2025

Responsible investing in defence, security and resilience

NATO Innovation Fund (NIF)
The NATO Innovation Fund advocates removing financial exclusions on defence to bolster European security. The report recommends reforming procurement for rapid dual-use technology adoption and implementing a ‘Responsible Use Framework’ to ensure ethical development of emerging capabilities like AI and autonomous systems.
Research
21 January 2025

Finance for war: Finance for peace: How values based banks foster peace in a world of increasing conflict

Merian Research
The report analyses global financial links to arms production, showing significant funding for weapons despite rising conflict. It contrasts this with values-based banks, particularly GABV members, which largely exclude arms financing, arguing divestment supports peace, reduces risk, and aligns finance with social and environmental objectives.
Research
27 February 2024

Stakeholder engagement and science-based targets for nature

Science Based Targets Network (SBTN)
This report provides guidance for companies on integrating affected stakeholder perspectives into science-based targets for nature, emphasising Indigenous rights, equity, and due diligence. It outlines who to engage, how to engage, and how to evaluate engagement across the SBTN five-step process.
Research
24 October 2024

Nature as Shareholder: Who speaks for the Trees?: The opportunities and challenges of nature owning shares of companies

Parry Field Lawyers
The paper examines the legal and practical implications of nature owning company shares, drawing on New Zealand precedents for legal personhood. It outlines governance models, challenges, and potential impacts on corporate purpose, investment, and long-term decision-making.
Research
7 August 2025

Nature-related risks and the duties of directors of Canadian corporations

Resilient LLP
This legal opinion examines whether nature-related risks are foreseeable and material for Canadian companies. It concludes directors must consider, manage and, where material, disclose such risks to meet fiduciary and care duties under Canadian corporate and securities law.
Research
29 July 2025

Information integrity about climate science: A systematic review

International Panel on the Information Environment (IPIE)
Systematic review of 300 studies (2015-2025) finds coordinated misinformation and greenwashing by corporate, political, and media actors undermine climate science, eroding trust and delaying policy. Research is Global North–centric. Evidence supports regulation, litigation, coalitions, and education to strengthen information integrity.
Research
19 June 2025

The use of the Lavender in Gaza and the law of targeting: AI-decision support systems and facial recognition technology

The report analyses Israel’s alleged use of the ‘Lavender’ AI decision-support system and facial recognition in Gaza, assessing compliance with international humanitarian law. It highlights risks from inaccuracy, bias, automation and opacity, concluding that commanders must retain judgement and verification to meet targeting obligations.
Research
23 May 2025

Transparency International UK (TI-UK)

Issue Focused NGOs & Think Tanks
Transparency International UK (TI-UK) is a UK-based anti-corruption NGO promoting transparency, accountability and integrity. It produces research, policy analysis and advocacy on corruption risks, illicit finance and governance. Work focuses on the UK and its global influence, engaging government, business and civil society, including public reporting, campaigns and integrity standards.
Organisation
1 research item

Sustainable Finance Roundup December 2025: Nature, Regulation, and the Hardening of Risk

This month’s sustainable finance roundup traces the shift from ambition to enforcement, as climate and nature risks become financial, regulatory and legal realities. It covers Australia’s environmental law reforms, the embedding of climate and nature risk through prudential supervision, disclosure and shareholder pressure, and insurer warnings on the limits of insurability. It also highlights how markets are responding to deforestation and biodiversity risk, and how litigation and regulation are reshaping governance and long-term financial resilience.
Article
29 December 2025

From ‘conflict minerals’ to peace? reviewing mining reforms, gender, and state performance in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo

The review assesses how 3T mining reforms in eastern DRC affected state governance and gender inclusion. Findings show mixed results: limited improvements in demarcation, revenue collection and oversight, persistent armed interference, weak accountability, elite-captured cooperatives, and ongoing marginalisation of women.
Research
15 March 2021

Risk at the source: Critical mineral supply chains and state-imposed forced labour in the Uyghur Region

Global Rights Compliance (GRC)
The report analyses how critical minerals sourced in the Uyghur Region—titanium, lithium, beryllium and magnesium—are linked to state-imposed forced labour. It identifies companies involved, downstream exposure risks, and implications for global supply chains, underscoring the need for stronger due diligence and avoidance of forced-labour-tainted inputs.
Research
10 June 2025

On YouTube, a Shift from Denying Science to Dismissing Solutions

This article dives into an analysis of over 12,000 YouTube videos and finds that while outright climate-change denial is dropping, content undermining climate solutions and trust in scientists is rising sharply. It also highlights concerns over YouTube’s ad policies, which still allow monetisation alongside videos that downplay impacts or spread misleading claims about climate policy.
Article
18 November 2025
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