Library | Sustainable Finance Practices

Governance and directors’ duties

Resources on the responsibilities of boards and directors in overseeing sustainability, ensuring accountability, fulfilling fiduciary duties, and promoting long-term value creation.

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Corporate climate governance

European Corporate Governance Institute (ECGI)
Examines how mandatory climate disclosure regimes reshape corporate governance by integrating climate risk into decision-making. Develops a spectrum from “thin” to “thick” governance, showing a shift towards stakeholder-oriented models, enhanced risk management, and long-term value optimisation, with implications for fiduciary duties and corporate strategy.
Research
29 August 2025

Incentivising climate action with executive remuneration in Australia

Investor Group on Climate Change
Provides a framework for linking climate goals to executive remuneration in Australia, emphasising alignment with credible transition strategies, measurable and sector-specific metrics, appropriate weighting, and transparent disclosure. Highlights growing adoption, implementation challenges, and guiding principles to improve investor engagement and incentive effectiveness.
Research
5 November 2024

ASRS first year has landed: Here's what we’re seeing in the market

This article examines how Australian organisations are approaching the first year of mandatory ASRS climate disclosures. It highlights common implementation patterns, areas of misallocated effort, and emerging practices that prioritise financially material, decision-useful climate reporting.
Article
16 March 2026

Production and externalities: How corporate governance shapes social costs

European Corporate Governance Institute (ECGI)
This working paper examines how corporate governance structures influence firms’ production decisions and associated negative externalities. Using a principal–agent model and empirical analysis, the authors show that costly managerial monitoring encourages performance-based pay, which can incentivise practices that increase socially costly production and broader social costs.
Research
20 January 2026

Climate fiduciaries: part III – mind the model gap

The article explores how pension funds rely on imperfect climate models to assess financial risk and whether fiduciary duty requires deeper scrutiny of their assumptions. It highlights emerging legal challenges, model limitations, and the shift toward richer scenarios and climate narratives in investment decision-making.
Article
6 February 2026

Women’s equality in the workplace series

Equileap
This research series examines workplace gender equality across publicly listed companies using a consistent assessment framework. It evaluates corporate policies, practices, and disclosures related to gender balance, pay equity, leadership representation, and inclusion to support comparative analysis and responsible investment decision-making.
Benchmark/series
6 March 2025

Canadian pension climate report card series

Shift: Action for Pension Wealth and Planet Health
The Canadian Pension Climate Report Card is an annual benchmark series assessing how major Canadian pension funds manage climate-related risks and align investment and stewardship practices with climate science. It applies a consistent, comparative framework using publicly disclosed information to evaluate governance, targets, engagement and integration over time.
Benchmark/series
24 January 2026

Shift: Action for Pension Wealth and Planet Health

Finance / Corporate Focused NGOs & Think Tanks
Shift: Action for Pension Wealth and Planet Health is a Canadian non-profit advancing climate-aligned pension investing. It engages pension beneficiaries, publishes research such as the Canadian Pension Climate Report Card, and advocates for responsible investment, climate risk management, transparency, and long-term financial security across public retirement systems in Canada today.
Organisation
1 research item

Climate fiduciaries: part II – the duty of even-handedness

This article explores the fiduciary duty of even-handedness and its implications for climate-aware pension fund investing, focusing on emerging legal challenges in Australia and Canada. It argues that unmanaged climate risk may breach trustees’ obligations to act equitably across generations, particularly where younger members bear disproportionate long-term harm.
Article
28 January 2026

Directors’ duties navigator: Climate risk and sustainability disclosures series

Commonwealth Climate and Law Initiative
This is a series of legal and governance primers examining directors’ duties and corporate disclosure obligations in relation to climate and sustainability risks. It provides jurisdictional analysis and practical guidance to support board oversight, risk management and reporting as regulatory and market expectations evolve.
Benchmark/series
1 January 2026

Free Float Analytics

Free Float Analytics
Free Float Analytics provides a global dataset ranking board directors and management by influence and performance across publicly traded companies, using proprietary metrics drawn from social science and analytics. It supports institutional investors and advisors in evaluating governance dynamics and proxy decisions, without offering investment advice.
Online tool/database

Free Float Analytics

Commercial Research Providers
Free Float Analytics provides data-driven insights on corporate governance, board effectiveness, and director influence.It delivers independent research, metrics, and analytical tools supporting proxy voting, stewardship, and ESG analysis for investors, researchers, and governance professionals seeking transparent, comparable governance intelligence across global markets and listed companies using publicly available disclosures.
Organisation
1 research item

Climate fiduciaries: part I – the climate prisoner’s dilemma

This article explores how climate change is reshaping fiduciary duty for pension funds, through court cases, legal analysis, and the concept of systemic risk. It introduces the “climate prisoner’s dilemma,” arguing that climate-aware investment may be shifting from discretionary to obligatory for long-term fiduciaries.
Article
21 January 2026

Nature Enters the Boardroom: Why Directors Are Paying Attention

Drawing on Australia’s first national study of board-level engagement with nature, this article shows how directors are treating nature as a material governance and financial issue. It highlights how boards are extending climate governance systems to manage nature-related risks, adopt frameworks like TNFD, and build resilience and long-term value despite policy uncertainty.
Article
16 January 2026

Council on ethics for the norwegian government pension fund global

Council on Ethics for the Norwegian Government Pension Fund Global
The report outlines the Council on Ethics’ 2018 work advising Norges Bank on exclusions and observation under ethical guidelines. It covers assessments of human rights, environment, climate, corruption and weapons sales, resulting in multiple company exclusions, observations and revocations, alongside ongoing sectoral investigations.
Research
14 April 2021

Nature-related risks and the duties of directors of Canadian corporations

Resilient LLP
This legal opinion examines whether nature-related risks are foreseeable and material for Canadian companies. It concludes directors must consider, manage and, where material, disclose such risks to meet fiduciary and care duties under Canadian corporate and securities law.
Research
29 July 2025
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