Library | Sustainable Finance Practices
Impact measurement and verification
Approaches for defining, measuring, monitoring, and verifying the environmental, social, and financial impacts of investments using metrics, indicators, and verification standards.
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Building consensus on societal wellbeing: A semantic synthesis of indicators to move beyond GDP
Analyses 213 wellbeing indicators using semantic modelling to identify conceptual overlap and optimal design beyond GDP. Finds strong thematic convergence and diminishing returns beyond roughly 20 components. Proposes a synthesised 20-component indicator to support international consensus on measuring sustainable and inclusive wellbeing.
Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery (GFDRR)
The Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery (GFDRR) is a World Bank-managed, multi-donor partnership that provides grants, technical assistance and tools to help low- and middle-income countries understand, manage and reduce disaster and climate risks. It supports resilience planning, risk analytics and disaster risk management integration into development.
Climate Impact Lab
Climate Impact Lab uses historical climate and socioeconomic data with evidence-based, data-driven analysis to quantify climate change impacts and economic costs at local and sector levels, informing policymakers, investors and business decisions, including an empirically-derived estimate of the social cost of carbon.
Europe sustainable development report 2025: SDG priorities for the new EU leadership
The Europe Sustainable Development Report 2025 assesses EU, EFTA, UK and candidate countries’ progress on the SDGs using updated indices. It highlights stalled convergence, rising within-country inequalities and significant international spillovers, and calls for scaled-up green, social and multilateral investment under the EU’s 2024–2029 leadership.
Forest Carbon and Climate Program (Michigan State University)
Forest Carbon and Climate Program (FCCP) at Michigan State University advances research, education and professional training on forest carbon, climate change and sustainable forest management.
FCCP delivers courses, events and applied insights supporting climate-smart forestry, carbon markets and land-use decision-making worldwide.
FCCP delivers courses, events and applied insights supporting climate-smart forestry, carbon markets and land-use decision-making worldwide.
Footprint data foundation
Footprint Data Foundation (FoDaFo) is a not-for-profit organisation that governs the National Footprint and Biocapacity Accounts. It ensures ecological footprint data are accurate, transparent and independent, supporting researchers, policymakers and sustainability practitioners with robust environmental accounting used globally.
Global landscape of climate finance series
Global Landscape of Climate Finance is a recurring benchmark series produced by Climate Policy Initiative that provides a consistent overview of global climate finance flows. It examines sources, instruments, uses, and geographic distribution of finance to track progress and comparability across years.
UNSW Centre for Social Impact
UNSW Centre for Social Impact (UNSW CSI) is a research and education centre focused on social impact, impact measurement, social investment and purpose-driven leadership. Based at UNSW Business School, it works with government, business, philanthropy and civil society to support evidence-based social and environmental outcomes.
Measuring companies’ environmental and social impacts: An analysis of ESG ratings and SDG scores
This study compares ESG ratings with SDG scores across major providers. It finds little correlation. SDG scores align with investor exclusions and EU Taxonomy assessments, while ESG ratings largely measure financial risk exposure, not real-world environmental or social impacts.
RETScreen
RETScreen is a clean energy management software developed by Natural Resources Canada to assess renewable energy and energy efficiency projects. It supports feasibility analysis, financial evaluation, energy performance tracking and greenhouse gas emissions analysis using integrated global climate, cost and benchmark datasets.
CGAP's Impact Path Finder
Impact Pathfinder is an interactive evidence platform developed by CGAP that maps how financial inclusion interventions contribute to development outcomes. It synthesises global research to inform investors, funders and policymakers on effective pathways, contextual factors and evidence gaps.
Upright Net Impact Model
Upright Platform offers impact-based ESG analytics that quantify companies’ positive and negative effects across environmental, social and economic dimensions. The S&P 500 ESG preset enables benchmarking of index constituents using monetised impact data to support portfolio analysis and comparability.
Upright Project
Upright Project is a Finland-based impact data company quantifying the net impact of businesses on society, environment, knowledge and health. It provides science-based ESG and impact analytics, company scores and datasets used by investors, financial institutions and corporates to inform sustainable investment and decision-making across global markets and portfolios worldwide.
Impact Thinking Canvas
The Impact Thinking Canva is a simple, printable framework to structure impact valuation projects, helping organisations define objectives, map impact pathways, identify key data needs and align stakeholders early in the process. It guides impact measurement and data collection at the start of an impact valuation exercise.
Restor
Restor is an open-access digital platform supporting ecosystem restoration and biodiversity monitoring worldwide. It integrates spatial data, science-based tools, and community networks to track restoration progress, assess ecological impact, and inform decision-making for practitioners, researchers, investors, and policymakers involved in nature and biodiversity outcomes across terrestrial and marine landscapes globally.
Valuing Impact
Valuing Impact is an impact measurement and valuation consultancy supporting businesses, investors and organisations to understand social and environmental outcomes. It develops practical impact valuation frameworks, tools and research to inform sustainability strategy, ESG decision-making, impact reporting and responsible investment practices across sectors.