Library | Sustainable Finance Practices

Impact measurement and verification

Resources for developing metrics and frameworks to measure, monitor, implement and verify the environmental, social, and financial impacts of investments.

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Water footprint assessment tool

Water footprint network
The Water Footprint Assessment Tool is a free online application that enables businesses, governments, investors, NGOs and researchers to calculate and map green, blue and grey water footprints, assess sustainability, efficiency and equitable water use, and identify strategic actions to improve water management.
Online tool/database

Water footprint implementation

Commercial Research Providers
Water Footprint Implementation supports companies and governments with water accounting, sustainability assessment and water-footprint compensation. A spin-off of Water Footprint Network research, it delivers actionable insights for ESG reporting, water stewardship, water-footprint benchmarking and tailored reduction strategies to enhance resilience, reduce risk and foster sustainable water management.
Organisation
1 research item

Water footprint network

Issue Focused NGOs & Think Tanks
Water Footprint Network is a non-profit, global collaboration platform advancing fair and smart freshwater use. It champions science-based water footprint assessment, offers open-access tools and data for businesses, governments and communities, and guides sustainable, equitable water governance to address water scarcity and pollution worldwide.
Organisation
1 research item

European drought observatory

Joint Research Centre
Copernicus’ European Drought Observatory (EDO) mapviewer displays up‑to‑date drought indicators—such as soil moisture, low‑flow, precipitation and the Combined Drought Indicator—across Europe. Users can access, view and download data freely, though caution is advised interpreting some hydrological outputs east of Poland since mid‑May 2025.
Online tool/database

Resilient Planet Data Hub

Government Sponsored / Multilateral Organisations
Resilient Planet Data Hub offers open, globally consistent climate and nature risk data to guide resilience and adaptation investment. Convened by UNDRR, Insurance Development Forum and University of Oxford, it powers tools like the GRI Risk Viewer and Resilient Planet Finance Lab to mobilise action, policy and finance for people, planet and prosperity.
Organisation

Rocky Mountain Institute (RMI)

Finance / Corporate Focused NGOs & Think Tanks
Rocky Mountain Institute (RMI) is an independent, non‑partisan, non‑profit focused on transforming global energy systems. It delivers market‑driven, clean energy and decarbonisation solutions—spanning policy, industry and communities—to advance affordable, zero‑carbon futures. RMI supports rapid energy transition and sustainable development through research, analysis and global collaboration.
Organisation

Climate impact explorer

Climate Analytics
The Climate Impact Explorer is a web‑based visualisation tool by Climate Analytics that presents maps and graphs of projected climate‑change impacts such as temperature, precipitation and economic damages across global regions and provinces under different warming levels (e.g. 1.5 °C, 2 °C) and emission scenarios.
Online tool/database

GRI risk viewer

Oxford Programme for Sustainable Infrastructure Systems (OPSIS)
The Global Resilience Index (GRI) Risk Viewer provides global‑scale risk metrics across hazard, exposure and vulnerability to assess risks to people, planet and prosperity via open, publicly available datasets.
Online tool/database

Oxford Programme for Sustainable Infrastructure Systems (OPSIS)

Academic Institutions
Oxford Programme for Sustainable Infrastructure Systems (OPSIS) delivers research and education on resilient, sustainable infrastructure across energy, transport, water and digital systems. Based at the University of Oxford’s Environmental Change Institute, OPSIS develops system‑of‑systems models to assess climate risks and support data‑driven decision‑making for infrastructure resilience.
Organisation
1 research item

Guidance for leveraging the Singapore-Asia taxonomy in green and transition financing

Singapore Sustainable Finance Association (SSFA)
This report provides practical guidance for applying the Singapore-Asia Taxonomy (SAT) in green and transition financing. It addresses data gaps, evolving criteria, transition plans, and scenarios where full alignment with SAT is not possible, promoting credible financing practices across Southeast Asia’s key sectors.
Research
10 July 2025

Mobilising institutional capital towards the SDGs and a Just Transition

Impact Investing Institute
This report outlines pathways for mobilising institutional capital towards the Sustainable Development Goals and a Just Transition. It focuses on investment vehicles, emerging markets, and private asset classes, providing practical recommendations, case studies, and frameworks to integrate environmental, social, and community considerations into scalable, impactful financial strategies.
Research
17 December 2021

GHG protocol calculation tools and guidance

World Resources Institute
The GHG Protocol’s calculation tools and guidance details Excel‑based, cross‑sector, sector‑specific, and country‑specific tools, including those for cities and countries. Each tool includes step‑by‑step guidance and emission factors to support accurate GHG inventory development in line with the Protocol’s standards
Online tool/database

Interpreting the corporate standard for U.S. public sector organizations

World Resources Institute
This guide interprets the Greenhouse Gas Protocol Corporate Standard for U.S. public sector organisations. It provides standardised methods for accounting and reporting greenhouse gas emissions, supports inventory quality, and addresses public sector-specific scenarios such as leased assets, joint operations, and regulatory compliance.
Research
13 October 2010

Estimating and reporting the comparative emissions impacts of products

World Resources Institute
This report outlines a neutral framework for estimating and reporting the greenhouse gas impacts of products, both positive and negative. It advocates the use of consequential methods for decision-making, highlights methodological challenges in attributional approaches, and recommends transparency and completeness in emissions assessments and corporate reporting.
Research
23 March 2023

Greenhouse gas protocol land sector and removals initiative: Project overview

World Resources Institute
The greenhouse gas protocol’s land sector and removals initiative aims to develop internationally accepted corporate guidance for accounting and reporting emissions and removals from land use, bioenergy, and carbon removal. It seeks to improve transparency, support target-setting, and align with climate goals through a multi-stakeholder, science-based process.
Research
18 October 2024

The GHG protocol for project accounting

World Resources Institute
This report outlines standards and procedures for quantifying and reporting greenhouse gas (GHG) reductions from mitigation projects. It provides a framework to estimate baseline emissions, assess additionality, and apply consistent accounting principles. The guide supports transparency, credibility, and harmonisation across project-based GHG initiatives.
Research
6 December 2005
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