Library | ESG issues

Energy Solutions & Decarbonisation

Energy solutions and decarbonisation refer to strategies and technologies that reduce carbon emissions while ensuring reliable and sustainable energy supply. This includes renewable energy sources like wind, solar, and hydropower, energy efficiency measures, electrification, carbon capture, and clean energy innovations. Decarbonisation is essential for mitigating climate change, enhancing energy security, and transitioning industries toward low-carbon operations.

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Understanding and aligning with beneficiaries’ sustainability preferences

Principles for Responsible Investment (PRI)
This report explores how engaging with beneficiaries can improve investments' environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance. It outlines a four-step process for investment professionals to understand and align with beneficiaries' sustainability preferences, ultimately strengthening a fund's performance and maintaining social license.
Research
16 April 2021

Bridging ESG silos: The intersection of climate change and modern slavery

Walk Free
This briefing for investors examines the intersection of climate change and modern slavery. It details how environmental and social risks are interconnected and can materially affect a company's long-term profitability. The report provides case studies and tools to help investors identify, assess, and respond to these risks in their portfolios.
Research
28 September 2023

A critical minerals value-adding superpower

Climate Energy Finance (CEF)
This report explores the potential for the nation to become a leader in mining and refining critical minerals. It highlights the economic, employment, and environmental benefits that could be unlocked by prioritising onshore processing, particularly against a backdrop of global decarbonisation.
Research
1 March 2023

Rethinking climate change: How humanity can choose to reduce emissions 90% by 2035 through the disruption of energy, transportation, and food with existing technologies

RethinkX
This report examines how existing technologies in energy, transportation, and food could lead to a 90% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions by 2035. Using the Seba Technology Disruption Framework, they forecast disruptive changes and identify how markets could drive emissions mitigation.
Research
31 July 2021

Renewable energy and human rights benchmark report series

Business and Human Rights Resource Centre
The Renewable Energy and Human Rights Benchmark series assesses how leading renewable energy companies manage and respect human rights across their operations and value chains. The series provides a consistent, comparative framework to track corporate practices and accountability in the global energy transition.
Benchmark/series
18 September 2025

Beyond compliance in the renewable energy sector: Assessing UK and Australian Modern Slavery Act statements

Walk Free
This report assesses the statements of 60 renewable energy companies under the UK and Australian Modern Slavery Acts, identifying their compliance gaps. Though most firms disclose their modern slavery policy, few extend it beyond tier one, limiting worker protection. The report calls for improved guidance, supply chain transparency, and stronger government enforcement measures.
Research
20 September 2023

Intangible cultural heritage, diverse knowledge systems, and climate change

This paper explores the relationship between climate change, different knowledge systems, culture, and heritage. It discusses the importance of a historical perspective, defines and describes different knowledge systems, and addresses the limitations of the predominant scientific approach. It also presents a framework for collaboration among plural knowledge systems.
Research
12 September 2022

Investor climate action plans (ICAPs): Guidance on using the expectations ladder

The Investor Agenda
This report provides guidance to investors on using the ICAPs Expectations Ladder to disclose their climate action plans. It covers investment, corporate engagement, policy advocacy, investor disclosure, and governance with specific recommendations. The report includes a glossary of terms and maps existing disclosures to the Ladder's expectations.
Research
7 July 2022

Impact investing in biodiversity conservation with bonds: An analysis of financial and environmental risk

This report examines the financial and environmental risks associated with impact investing in biodiversity conservation through bonds. It evaluates five case studies, analysing the projects' theories of change, potential risks, and mitigation strategies. The findings highlight complexities in achieving both financial returns and conservation impact, with concerns about vague metrics and project uncertainties.
Research
21 May 2022

Sustainable Development Goals Disclosure (SDGD) recommendations

International Integrated Reporting Council (IIRC)
The Sustainable Development Goals Disclosure (SDGD) Recommendations features guidelines for corporate reporting to promote best practices and encourage corporate accountability and governance aligned with SDGs. The document includes fundamental concepts and principles of SDG disclosure, recommendations, and steps to guide implementation, offering insights for assurance providers, governments, investors, and reporting organizations of all sizes
Research
25 March 2020

Super-powering the energy transition in Australia: A policy blueprint to facilitate superannuation investment

IFM Investors
This policy blueprint advocates for a shift to renewable energy, proposing over A$40 billion annual investment. It highlights superannuation funds as potential long-term capital sources for the transition, addressing barriers and recommending clear policies to achieve ambitious sustainability goals across critical sectors for a more sustainable future.
Research
1 December 2023

Global assessment report on disaster risk reduction - our world at risk: Transforming governance for a resilient future

United Nations (UN)
The report explores the challenges faced in managing systemic risk, the complexity of decision-making in volatile situations and offers solutions for improving risk communication.
Research
20 July 2022

Investing for outcomes: Why impact is relevant beyond impact investing

Citi
This report explores the importance of measuring the impact of investing activities, particularly in the increasingly popular field of impact investing. It discusses the use of data to assess a company's social and environmental footprint, the role of taxonomies in impact investing, and the rise of impact awareness.
Research
19 April 2022

Financing environmental and energy transitions for regions and cities: Creating local solutions for global challenges

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
This report presents recommendations for bridging the gap between financial institutions' lack of structures for local initiatives and subnational governments' lack of knowledge to take that role. It proposes adapting finance data to include integrated value.
Research
9 March 2020

Failure by design: Is the net zero asset managers initiative broken?

Danu Insight
This initiative was designed to align asset managers' portfolios with net-zero targets. However, their methodology lacks standardisation and rigour, leading to ambiguous targets and little progress towards net zero. An overhaul of the initiative is needed to ensure asset managers are held accountable.
Research
3 October 2022

Australia's future gas strategy: Corporate advocacy and industry narratives

InfluenceMap
This report analyses the responses to Australia's Future Gas Strategy by corporate entities and industry associations from the country's fossil fuel value chain. It sheds light on the advocacy for expanding fossil gas supply, which contradicts the science-based policies to meet global climate goals, while showing a lack of positive engagement from non-fossil fuel corporations.
Research
23 February 2024
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