Library | ESG issues

Environmental

The environmental pillar in ESG (environmental, social, and governance) assesses an organisation’s impact on the planet. It includes issues such as climate change, biodiversity, waste management and water management. Strong environmental practices help businesses reduce risks, comply with regulations, and drive long-term sustainability.

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IEA's interactive data explorer

International Energy Agency (IEA)
The IEA's Interactive data explorer provides access to visualisations and databases covering 640 energy technology designs and global climate commitments. It assists finance professionals in tracking energy transitions and regional net zero outlooks.
Online tool/database

Assessing the quality of adaptation finance tool

Climate Policy Initiative
A CPI decision-support tool for public finance providers to assess adaptation finance quality across project, market, and system levels.
Research
15 June 2026

EU energy and raw materials mechanism platform

European Commission
EU Commission platform aggregating demand for critical raw materials to connect buyers, suppliers, and financial institutions across strategic sectors.
Online tool/database
13 April 2026

Financial Innovation Knowledge Platform

Climate Policy Initiative
CPI's platform offering practical tools, research, and guidance for public and private actors developing and investing in climate finance vehicles.
Resource hub

Ocean investment protocol: 2026 revised draft for consultation: A multi-stakeholder plan to enable funding for the Sustainable Ocean Economy

United Nations Global Compact
This report provides a framework for scaling finance towards a sustainable ocean economy. It outlines recommendations for financial institutions, insurers, governments, and central banks to manage risks and capture opportunities. The protocol aims to mobilise the US$1 trillion required by 2030 to protect marine ecosystems and ensure prosperity.
Research
18 June 2026

The role of investors in measuring and achieving lower embodied carbon in real estate and infrastructure

Investor Group on Climate Change
This guidance outlines strategies for Australian investors to manage and reduce embodied carbon in real estate and infrastructure. It details a maturity pathway from benchmarking to achieving reductions, highlighting mandatory reporting requirements and strategic benefits. The document provides specific actions for equity and debt investors to align with net-zero pathways.
Research
25 January 2026

Intentional Endowments Network (IEN)

IEN is a peer-learning network supporting endowments and foundations to integrate climate and social inequality considerations into investment strategies.
Online tool/database

Fair Finance Ghana ESG policy assessment report

Fair Finance International
This report assesses ESG policies across five Ghanaian banks using international benchmarks. Results show low sustainability integration, particularly regarding climate change and transparency. It recommends adopting global frameworks, extending ESG accountability to lending portfolios, and improving standardised reporting to align the sector with international best practice.
Research
1 May 2026

Global critical minerals outlook series

International Energy Agency (IEA)
The Global Critical Minerals Outlook is an annual series published by the IEA that tracks market, investment, technology, and policy trends across critical mineral supply chains. Each edition provides medium- and long-term demand and supply projections for key energy minerals, covering supply security, concentration risks, and diversification developments.
Benchmark/series
15 July 2026

The silence of the loans: Banks should adopt methane policies that cover financing and facilitating emissions

Planet Tracker
Planet Tracker examines twenty-five banks' policies regarding agricultural methane emissions. Despite methane's high potency, no banks have specific reduction targets for this sector. Most policies focus solely on direct financing, ignoring facilitated debt which constitutes 96% of corporate funding, creating significant financial and regulatory risks for lenders.
Research
15 April 2026

Global energy review series

International Energy Agency (IEA)
The Global Energy Review is an annual benchmark series published by the International Energy Agency (IEA) that assesses trends across the entire energy sector, covering all fuels, technologies, regions, and energy-related CO2 emissions for the preceding calendar year.
Benchmark/series
1 May 2026

Clean cooking in Africa 2026: Progress report

International Energy Agency (IEA)
This report evaluates progress toward universal clean cooking access in sub-Saharan Africa. While delivery rates have tripled since 2010, population growth continues to outpace gains. The analysis covers investment trends, infrastructure development, and the impact of the 2026 energy crisis on regional fuel supply chains.
Research
9 July 2026

Corporate diversification and corporate carbon performance

Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (RIETI)
This research examines how corporate diversification and cash flow coinsurance reduce carbon intensity in Japanese firms. It finds that industrial diversification alleviates financing constraints, enabling substantial decarbonisation investments. The effect is most significant in carbon-intensive industries and for Scope 1 emissions following the Paris Agreement.
Research
15 July 2026

Exploring guarantees for resilient and low-carbon cities: Part 2: De-risking urban climate finance series

Cities Climate Finance Leadership Alliance (CCFLA)
This report examines how guarantees can unlock private climate finance for cities. It identifies barriers to uptake in emerging markets, such as high costs and complex structures. Proposed solutions include strengthening governance, standardising products, and expanding regional facilities to mobilise the USD 4.3 trillion required annually by 2030.
Research
27 April 2026

Mapping the landscape of net-zero nature-positive finance: A review of definitions and frameworks

Climate Policy Initiative
This report provides a comprehensive review of definitions and frameworks for net-zero, nature-positive, and climate-nature finance. It identifies alignment areas and implementation gaps, advocating for integrated risk and investment approaches to achieve global sustainability goals under the Paris Agreement and the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework.
Research
15 July 2026

Connecting capital within African agrifood systems: Lessons from a decade of practice

Climate Policy Initiative
This report examines the structural misalignment between investors and agribusinesses in African agrifood systems. It highlights that while annual climate finance reached USD 7.8 billion, it falls short of the USD 1.1 trillion global requirement. Recommendations focus on improving technical assistance and intermediation to mobilise capital effectively.
Research
17 June 2026
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