This report discusses and identifies climate change related litigation risks as drivers and consequences of an energy transition. It presents a taxonomy of those risks and analyses them in the broader context of the financial risk associated with them.

Sustainable Finance Observatory (formerly 2 Degrees Investing Initiative) is an independent, non-profit think tank working to align financial markets and regulations with international climate goals. It does this through research, devising tools and methodologies and collaborating with other stakeholders to progress finance towards low carbon emissions.

This research is a review of literature on the use of macroeconomic and financial policy tools for mitigating the impact of climate change. The paper explores the effectiveness of fiscal, financial and monetary policy instruments for such mitigation which it considers to be the transition to a low carbon economy.

As the world’s second largest asset manager, Vanguard Group Inc. has the potential to become a climate action leader. Despite Vanguard’s commitment to the Net-Zero Asset Manager initiative, the report argues that Vanguard’s significant share in fossil fuel exposed companies demonstrates a passive attitude towards climate change.

MinterEllison is an Australian law firm, providing legal and consulting services through a global network of branches and affiliated entities. This includes advising on climate risk governance and the expectations of regulators and the community on environment, social and governance issues. It participates in climate change related initiatives.

This paper makes the investment case for businesses and investors alike to implement policies that align with the latest science on climate change. It provides a framework that stakeholders can use to mitigate climate risks and manage the transition to a net-zero carbon economy by 2050.

This paper emphasises the capacity of the green economy in meeting environmental objectives in decision-making processes. FTSE Russell advocate data as crucial to investors to monitor industry and company-specific contributions to the economy and to assess opportunities in new green products and services.

The Global Impact Investing Network (“GIIN”) is a non-profit organisation dedicated to increasing the scale and effectiveness of impact investing. The GIIN seeks to facilitate knowledge exchange, highlight innovative investment approaches, build the evidence base, and produce valuable tools and resources to support the development of the impact investing industry.

HEC Paris Society and Organizations Institute is an interdisciplinary body that undertakes research, teaching and implementation of ideas to help business meet challenges primarily posed by social inequality and climatic constraints. It seeks to reinvent business through promoting sustainability and unleashing human potential.

Commonly known as the 'Sefton report', it provides recommendations to the Australian government on the social and economic conditions of the Murray Darling Basin. The report provides an independent assessment in regional and rural communities while highlighting the positive and negative effects of water reform.

FAIRR Initiative is a diverse investor network that raises awareness of the environmental, social and governance (ESG) risks and opportunities generated by intensive livestock production. They provide investors with the tools to combat environmental and social issues through sustainable finance in global food systems.

This report explores the growth of the alternative protein market, particularly in the face of supply chain disruptions, food safety concerns from COVID-19, and global emissions. This is published alongside FAIRR's Sustainable Proteins Hub, an interactive tool which allows investors to assess how companies are diversifying toward alternative, climate-positive portfolios.

The interdisciplinary Smith School of Enterprise and the Environment at the University of Oxford specialises in teaching, research and outreach on environmental economics and policy, enterprise management, financial markets, investment and law. It engages with businesses and governments on climate change and long-term environmental sustainability.

Harvard Business School is an academic institution dedicated to postgraduate scholarship, research and publishing in the field of business management, including environmental, social and governance issues. The institution seeks to shape business management and leadership that will make a difference in the world.

Elinor Ostrom examines the management of common-pool resources such as rivers, bridges and grazing areas. Ostrom discusses the ‘tragedy of the commons’ and environmental, economic and social threats to common-pool resources. Ostrom applies political and economic theory and policy literature to discuss potential solutions and challenge conventional approaches.

The Ellen MacArthur Foundation develops and promotes the implementation of the circular economy in collaboration with industry, academia and policymakers.