Library | ESG issues

Governance

The governance pillar in ESG (environmental, social, and governance) refers to the systems, policies, and practices that ensure an organisation is managed responsibly and ethically. It includes issues such as board structure, reporting & disclosures, shareholders & voting, and risk management. Strong governance reduces risks, enhances trust, and supports long-term business sustainability.

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Biodiversity finance reference guide

International Finance Corporation
This reference guide builds on the Green Bond Principles and Green Loan Principles as well as related resources, including the ICMA Handbook for Impact Reporting. It also aligns with targets in the recently adopted Global Biodiversity Framework. Both the Green Bond Principles and Green Loan Principles list biodiversity as an eligible use of proceeds. However, they do not provide a granular description of the types of projects that fit this category. The purpose of this reference guide is to address this gap and provide an indicative list of investment activities that contribute to protecting, maintaining, or enhancing biodiversity and ecosystem services and sustainably managing living natural resources through the adoption of practices that integrate conservation needs and sustainable development.
Research
14 June 2023

Assessment of biodiversity measurement approaches for business and financial institutions: Update report 4 (2022)

European Commission
This document is designed to support businesses with navigating various biodiversity measurement approaches currently available. A navigating wheel and classification system has been developed to support interpretation.
Research
9 December 2022

Advocating for nature: A guide for responsible policy engagement

Business for Nature
This guide is designed to help companies reap the benefits of responsible advocacy and respond to rising stakeholder expectations. It sets out the steps companies should take to align their nature advocacy with their nature ambition. This guide can be used by investors to better understand expectations being set for companies, and to also guide their own development of nature policies.
Research
11 January 2024

Business for Nature

Finance / Corporate Focused NGOs & Think Tanks
Business for Nature is a global coalition uniting over 100 business and conservation organisations, along with forward-thinking companies. It promotes credible corporate action and advocates for ambitious governmental policies to establish a nature-positive economy by 2030.
Organisation
3 research items

The BankTrack human rights benchmark reports

BankTrack
The BankTrack Human Rights Benchmark series evaluates commercial banks globally, with a global and regional focus including Latin America, Asia, and Africa. It assesses 50 of the world’s largest private sector commercial banks against the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights, examining policy commitments, due diligence, reporting, and remedy processes to ensure compliance with human rights standards.
Benchmark/series

Accountability for nature: Comparison of nature-related assessment and disclosure frameworks and standards

World Wide Fund for Nature (World Wildlife Fund – WWF)
This report provides an overview of the key methodological and conceptual trends among the private sector assessment and disclosure approaches on nature-related issues. It provides comparative research on seven leading standards, frameworks and systems for assessment and disclosure on nature-related issues
Research
31 January 2024

Aqueduct Country Risk Rating

World Resources Institute
This spatial tool shows countries and provinces' average exposure to six of the Aqueduct 3.0's water risk indicators: baseline water stress, riverine flood risk, and drought risk.
Online tool/database

Aqueduct Water Risk Atlas

World Resources Institute
Aqueduct's global water risk mapping tool helps companies, investors, governments, and other users understand where and how water risks and opportunities are emerging worldwide. The Atlas uses a robust, peer reviewed methodology and the best-available data to create high-resolution, customizable global maps of water risk.
Online tool/database

Nature starter: Practical steps to integrate nature into business strategy (By CEOs, for CEOs)

NatSTART is a toolkit being developed by the Climate Leaders Coalition to support businesses to scope out and screen for nature-related risks. It is designed to support firms to integrate nature into their business strategies, starting with locating their interface with nature. It Provides guidelines for integrating biodiversity and climate considerations into business and policy decisions.
Research
29 November 2023

Natural Capital Measurement Catalogue Version 2

The Natural Capital Measurement Catalogue (NCMC) is an open resource for users to select metrics and methods for the measurement of natural capital assets, flows of services or benefits, and organisational impacts or dependencies on nature. The WCMC is designed to present natural capital accounting and assessment metrics that are consistent with national and international standards and frameworks such as the United Nations System of Economic-Environmental Accounting (SEEA), the Natural Capital Protocol and the Taskforce on Nature-related Financial Disclosures (TNFD).
Online tool/database

TNFD Tool Catalogue

Taskforce on Nature-related Financial Disclosures (TNFD)
Building on insights from the nature-related data catalyst, the TNFD has created a beta version of an online searchable Tools Catalogue, providing an overview of tools that organisations can use to apply to each phase of the LEAP approach. The catalogue will be continually updated.
Online tool/database

TESSA

This Toolkit for Ecosystem Service Site based Assessments (TESSA) provides practical guidance on how to identify which services may be significant at a site of interest, what data are needed to measure them, what methods or sources can be used to obtain the data and how to communicate results. It assesses and values ecosystem services, supporting natural capital accounting and investment decisions.
Online tool/database

Sustainability Policy Transparency Toolkit (SPOTT) 

SPOTT supports the finance sector and supply chain stakeholders to manage ESG risks through transparency assessments of soft commodity producers and traders. It helps evaluate ESG practices of companies, guiding responsible investment decisions.
Online tool/database

Trase

Global Canopy
TRASE maps forest risk supply chains linking consumer countries and traders with places of production. This allows for greater visibility of the countries, regions and companies that have higher rates of deforestation.
Online tool/database

Green metal statecraft: Forging Australia’s green iron industry

Climate Energy Finance (CEF)
Australia’s "Green Metal Statecraft" outlines a transformative agenda for advancing its green iron industry. The report advocates leveraging renewables-powered iron ore processing, supported by $10-30 billion in strategic public investment. Emphasising economic, environmental, and energy security, the plan aligns national policy with decarbonisation to secure Australia’s leadership in sustainable steelmaking and green exports.
Research
15 November 2024

The prevention of adult exploitation and trafficking

Modern Slavery and Human Rights Policy and Evidence Centre
The report synthesises research between 2020-2024 on preventing adult exploitation and trafficking. It highlights limited evidence on early intervention, re-trafficking prevention, and primary prevention. Recommendations include better prevention systems, multi-agency collaboration, addressing root causes, and evaluating effective trade and governance practices.
Research
8 November 2024
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