Library | ESG issues
Public Policy
Public policy refers to the actions and decisions taken by governments to address societal issues through laws, regulations, and funding priorities. It shapes the business environment by influencing regulatory requirements, market conditions, and corporate responsibilities. Policies related to taxation, labour laws, environmental regulations, and trade agreements can impact business operations, costs, and investment strategies.
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Biodiversity credit markets: The role of law, regulation, and policy
This report explores legal, policy, and regulatory frameworks to develop high-integrity biodiversity credit markets. These markets aim to finance nature-positive and equitable outcomes, providing innovative and scalable funding for biodiversity conservation and restoration. This report provides investors with insights into the legal and regulatory foundations that support high quality offset markets. As such, this report can be used as a tool to inform policy advocacy in the biodiversity credit market space.
Leveraging food security and environmental sustainability in achieving Sustainable Development Goals: Evidence from a global perspective
The study investigates the relationship between food security, environmental sustainability, and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in 63 countries from 2010–2021. Key findings highlight that promoting agricultural exports, sustainable farming, and reducing food imports positively impact economic growth and alleviate poverty. Environmental degradation negatively affects growth, affirming the need for green policies to achieve SDGs inclusively.
Green metal statecraft: Forging Australia’s green iron industry
Australia’s "Green Metal Statecraft" outlines a transformative agenda for advancing its green iron industry. The report advocates leveraging renewables-powered iron ore processing, supported by $10-30 billion in strategic public investment. Emphasising economic, environmental, and energy security, the plan aligns national policy with decarbonisation to secure Australia’s leadership in sustainable steelmaking and green exports.
The prevention of adult exploitation and trafficking
The report synthesises research between 2020-2024 on preventing adult exploitation and trafficking. It highlights limited evidence on early intervention, re-trafficking prevention, and primary prevention. Recommendations include better prevention systems, multi-agency collaboration, addressing root causes, and evaluating effective trade and governance practices.
Synthetic content: Exploring the risks, technical approaches, and regulatory responses
Generative AI enables the rapid creation of synthetic content, offering both opportunities and risks. This report examines challenges like disinformation and fraud, outlines technical and regulatory strategies, and explores trade-offs with privacy. Techniques discussed include watermarking, provenance tracking, and legal frameworks, aiming to enhance transparency while safeguarding privacy.
Early warning systems and early action in fragile, conflict-affected and violent contexts: Addressing growing climate and disaster risks
The report explores the implementation of early warning systems (EWS) in fragile, conflict-affected, and violent (FCV) contexts, emphasising climate and disaster risk management. It identifies key challenges like limited governance and data availability, proposes governance coordination, regional cooperation, and technology integration as solutions, and advocates for conflict-sensitive and community-based approaches to build resilience and save lives.
Circular Economy Policy Tracker
Chatham House's circulareconomy.earth is a platform that enables users to explore policy and trade dynamics related to the transition from linear to circular economic models. It offers analyses of opportunities and trade-offs associated with such transitions.
Forecast policy scenario + nature: Preparing financial markets for climate- & nature-related policy & regulatory risks
Integrated climate and nature policy forecasting data and matrix, developed by Inevitable Policy Response, downloaded through the PRI. The document outlines forecasted policy responses that include both nature and climate policies.
Protected Planet
Protected Planet is the most up to date and complete source of data on protected areas and other effective are-based conservation measures (OECMs), updated monthly with submissions from governments, non-government organisations, landowners and communities.
Artificial intelligence and big holdings data: Opportunities for central banks
This report explores the potential of artificial intelligence and big holdings data for central banks. It highlights how asset demand systems and AI models improve policy decisions, optimise monetary interventions, and address financial risks. Applications include managing contagion, designing climate stress tests, and identifying crowded trades, enhancing economic resilience.
Transition today: A progress update - How investors can support climate transition across portfolios
The report explores how investors can support climate transitions through decarbonisation, alignment with transition pathways, and investments in climate solutions. It emphasises systemic risks, scope 3 emissions, and capital mobilisation to developing economies, offering actionable strategies to integrate climate goals into investment portfolios.
Transforming global finance for climate action: Addressing misaligned incentives and unlocking opportunities
The report identifies systemic barriers preventing the flow of capital to climate-positive projects. It introduces the PIVOT framework, outlining policy vacuum, misaligned incentives, valuation challenges, inactive ownership, and transition misalignment. The report provides actionable solutions for policymakers, investors, and stakeholders to align finance with the Paris Agreement.
Adapt now: A global call for leadership on climate resilience
The report highlights the urgent need for global climate adaptation. It presents evidence and solutions across key sectors—food, water, infrastructure, cities, and finance—emphasising economic benefits, social equity, and environmental preservation. This call to action seeks transformative planning, finance mobilisation, and inclusive leadership for a resilient future.
Natural Capital Initiative
Natural Capital Initiative (NCI) is a UK-based partnership of science organisations dedicated to promoting sustainable management of natural capital. By facilitating dialogue among academics, policymakers, and businesses, NCI supports evidence-based decision-making to enhance ecosystem services and biodiversity.
GLOBIO
GLOBIO is a model developed by the PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency to assess human impacts on global biodiversity. It calculates terrestrial biodiversity intactness using the mean species abundance (MSA) indicator, considering factors such as land use, road disturbance, fragmentation, hunting, atmospheric nitrogen deposition, and climate change.
Fiscal policy and sustainable finance: Enhancing the role of the financial sector in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals
The report explores how fiscal policy can mobilise private sector finance for sustainable development in Asia-Pacific. It emphasises green guarantees, subsidies, and roadmaps, showcasing ASEAN+3 successes in aligning fiscal policy with climate action to attract private investment and encourage sustainable economic activities.