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GOAL 12: Responsible Consumption and Production

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Getting ahead of the curve on dynamic materiality: How U.S. investors can foster more inclusive capitalism

Oxfam
This discussion paper highlights tools and opportunities for US investors to foster sustainable and responsible value creation in order to support more inclusive and thriving economy. It also discusses the risks posed to portfolios by social and environmental risks and how diversified investors can mitigate them.
Research
9 March 2024

Do high-ability managers choose ESG projects that create shareholder value? Evidence from employee opinions

Are ESG projects compatible with shareholder value? Managers face a challenge when they decide which ESG projects to select with limited clarity on allowed investments. The paper uses MSCI ESG ratings and Glassdoor employee ratings to demonstrate that high-calibre managers put their resources towards ESG projects and thereby enhance shareholder value.
Research
24 June 2020

Communicating the scientific consensus on climate change: Diverse audiences and effects over time

This study finds that communicating the scientific consensus on climate change increases understanding and engagement. Consensus messaging leads to updated beliefs across diverse audiences, with 40% of the original effect lasting 26 days. The treatment effect is most durable for those doubtful or dismissive of climate change.
Research
10 October 2022

Biodiversity risk: Legal implications for companies and their directors

Commonwealth Climate and Law Initiative
The report analyses the legal obligations of company directors with regards to biodiversity risk. The report examines emerging disclosure standards, provides a jurisdictional spotlight, and includes case studies to illustrate the corporate interface with biodiversity.
Research
13 December 2022

Sustainable banking in ASEAN

World Wide Fund for Nature (World Wildlife Fund – WWF)
This 2019 report analyses the sustainability strategies of 35 ASEAN banks based on environmental, social and governance indicators. This year's update highlights the increasing recognition of ESG integration into mainstream finance, although progress must be made, particularly in climate-related risk management.
Research
21 August 2019

Financing our future: Actions to scale up and accelerate the pace of change towards a more sustainable financial system

Accounting for Sustainability (A4S)
This report offers actionable recommendations to the world's finance sector. This report presents evidence on the importance of environmental, social and governance (ESG) criteria and outlines key actions for finance actors across numerous industries to advance toward a sustainable financial system.
Research
7 December 2018

Experimental evidence for tipping points in social convention

This study shows the theoretical and empirical existence of a tipping point for changing social conventions. Minority groups can overturn established behaviour by reaching a critical mass, expected to vary depending on social setting. The findings offer insight for organizations with potential shifts in conventional behaviour.
Research
8 June 2018

Defining social norms and related concepts

United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF)
This report defines social norms as the perceived unwritten rules deemed acceptable and influential in guiding human behaviour within a community. Social norms can be beneficial or harmful and influence collective change. The report distinguishes injunctive norms, descriptive norms, moral norms, and attitudes to establish behaviour change interventions.
Research
12 November 2021

Why circular business models fail and what to do about it: A preliminary framework and lessons learned from a case in the European Union

Circular business models fail to scale due to cultural, regulatory, economic, and technical barriers. This report proposes a preliminary empirical framework for linking circular business models to specific barriers and offers four lessons for managerial strategies.
Research
22 June 2023

Environmental sciences, sustainable development and circular economy: Alternative concepts for trans-disciplinary research

This report discusses the challenges and opportunities of trans-disciplinary research in environmental sciences. It explores three alternative environmental concepts: "environmental sciences", "sustainable development", and the increasingly popular "circular economy". The article clarifies their meaning and inter-relationship, helping trans-disciplinary researchers to understand the opportunities and challenges of each.
Research
22 March 2016

Mobilizing money and movements: Creative finance for food systems transformations

Global Alliance for the Future of Food
This report explores creative financing strategies for transforming food systems. Through six case studies, it showcases levers of change for transformational investing, including blended finance, shared ownership, and diverse investment types. The report emphasizes community engagement and local food production to build sustainable and resilient food systems.
Research
24 May 2022

Assessment of the six largest pesticide companies’ approaches to addressing biodiversity loss

ShareAction
This assessment evaluates the approaches of six leading pesticide companies toward addressing biodiversity loss. None of the companies has committed to phasing out highly hazardous pesticides, and progress in reporting and disclosure is limited. Investors are urged to heed recommendations and use the report to guide engagements.
Benchmark/series
31 October 2023

Five insights for avoiding global collapse: What a 50-year-old model of the world taught me about a way forward for us today

This book analyses a 50-year-old model of the world to provide five insights for avoiding global collapse. The book examines societal pressures, the role of technology, governance structures, and finance that contribute to earth's ecosystem health and sustenance."
Research
5 October 2022

Looking for something that isn’t there: A case study of an early attempt at ESG integration in investment decision making

This report explores the challenges of incorporating Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) issues into investment analysis and decision-making. Through a case study of an early attempt at ESG integration in an equity investment team, the authors highlight fundamental discontinuities between financial and ESG accounting inscriptions, and question the adequacy of current regulatory efforts.
Research
27 October 2021

The material footprint of nations

This research paper explores consumption-based indicators of resource use, asserting that developed countries have increased the use of natural resources at a slower rate than economic growth, but this is untrue. Material Footprint (MF) uncovers the full material requirements of nations, offering insights into actual resource productivity.
Research
19 May 2015

Seriously stressed and stranded: The burden of non-performing assets in India's thermal power sector

Institute for Energy Economics and Financial Analysis (IEEFA)
India's thermal power sector holds $40-60bn of non-performing or stranded assets, taking away capital from critical sustainable investment. Low-cost renewable energy and a reliance on coal-fired generation is creating difficulties for the banking sector. The economics of low-cost renewables will bring significant financial implications for the country's thermal power reliance.
Research
19 December 2019
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