This research evaluates high-resolution EC-Earth3 climate simulations for the North Atlantic and Arctic. Findings indicate improved representation of global temperatures but reveal a projected ice-free Arctic by 2040 and a 39% AMOC weakening by 2100. A new framework identifies the Labrador Sea as the primary driver of AMOC reduction.

This report examines the intersection of nature and insurance, analysing 47 global case studies. It identifies an increasing trend in nature-related products, primarily focusing on risk transfer. Key findings highlight the necessity for improved data, cross-sector collaboration, and the integration of risk reduction to ensure long-term viability.

This report summarises a workshop of 35 experts discussing the integration of nature into macroeconomic models. It highlights that current nature-blind frameworks misprice risks and undervalue natural capital. Through case studies and transmission channel mapping, it identifies practical ways to embed ecological assets into core economic decision-making processes.

The Nature Stocktake by BankTrack evaluates 30 global banks on their biodiversity commitments and exclusion policies. It provides finance professionals with comparative data on bank alignment with the Global Biodiversity Framework and exposure to forest-risk commodities.

This report examines the transition of BPA, PFAS, phthalates, and microplastics from beneficial chemicals to substances of concern. It identifies recurring risk signals, such as biological activity and persistence, providing a framework for sustainability leaders to anticipate future regulatory shifts and lead through proactive, safer material innovation.

The Sovereign Debt Assessment Model by the Finance for Biodiversity Foundation evaluates the dual relationship between nature loss and sovereign debt sustainability to help investors manage nature-related risks.

The Finance for Biodiversity Foundation's 2025 policy brief reviews progress among 200 financial institutions in addressing nature loss. It highlights increased policy adoption and capital allocation while identifying barriers like data gaps and risk perception. The report calls for government action to mandate disclosures, transition plans, and economic incentives.

This report introduces Northern Trust Asset Management’s Nature Framework, a three-pillar approach for integrating nature-related risks and opportunities into investment portfolios. It demonstrates that significant biodiversity impact reductions and nature-aligned outcomes can be achieved with modest active risk through targeted, materiality-based implementation and active stewardship.

This research report explores the petrochemical industry’s environmental and human rights impacts, documenting how European banks provide billions in financing to major chemical firms. It highlights the sector’s role in driving fossil fuel demand and recommends that financial institutions implement robust plastics policies and cease financing industry expansions.

This OECD report examines methodologies for assessing biodiversity-related financial risks. It identifies physical and transition transmission channels, reviews metrics like Mean Species Abundance, and highlights the implications of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework. The findings inform a new supervisory framework for central banks to manage ecosystem-related instability.

The Financial Stability Board (FSB) has published a stocktake of initiatives concerning nature-related financial risks. While some authorities recognise material risks from biodiversity loss, the global regulatory landscape remains at an early stage. Challenges include significant data gaps and the need to translate financial exposures into risk measures.

This World Bank report examines the economic rationale for investing in nature using a global Earth-economy model. It demonstrates that ecosystem service collapse could reduce global GDP by $2.7 trillion by 2030, while "nature-smart" policy reforms can deliver significant economic gains and support global conservation targets.

The Ocean Observatories Initiative is a science-driven network providing real-time data from over 900 instruments. Funded by the U.S. National Science Foundation, it tracks ocean health and climate trends essential for ESG analysis and coastal risk assessment.

This report examines mobilising blue finance for mangrove restoration in the Philippines to enhance climate resilience and livelihoods. It proposes a debt-for-mangrove swap framework using multilateral development bank debt management tools. Key recommendations include establishing a mangrove trust fund and improving governance of marine protected areas to attract investment.

This World Bank Group report identifies policy actions to unlock private investment in Morocco's decentralised solar, low-carbon textiles, argan oil, and marine aquaculture sectors. It estimates these sectors could collectively catalyse US$7.4 billion in investment and create 166,000 jobs through targeted regulatory reforms and infrastructure improvements.

This report examines the petrochemical historical bloc and its influence on the UN Global Plastics Treaty. It analyses how corporate-led partnerships, such as the Alliance to End Plastic Waste, use the circular economy concept to prioritise downstream waste management while protecting plastic production from restrictive upstream regulations.