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GOAL 14: Life Below Water

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Connecting nature, climate, and capital: From data to decisions: Natural capital accounting in practice

Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Limited (Deloitte)
This research explores Natural Capital Accounting in New Zealand, focusing on the SEEA EA framework. It provides practical steps for businesses to quantify nature-related risks and dependencies. Through case studies, it demonstrates how environmental data informs investment, lending, and strategic management to enhance organisational resilience and long-term value.
Research
21 September 2026

Asking better questions on nature: For chief financial officers

Taskforce on Nature-related Financial Disclosures (TNFD)
This guide helps Chief Financial Officers integrate nature-related issues into financial decision-making. It outlines how to identify dependencies, assess risks and opportunities, and respond to evolving disclosure expectations. The report emphasises nature as a core driver of performance, resilience and long-term value creation within the TNFD framework.
Research
2 June 2026

Science Based Targets Network Target Tracker

Science Based Targets Network (SBTN)
The SBTN Target Tracker is a public database that monitors companies setting science-based targets for nature. It provides finance professionals with verified data to assess corporate progress on land, water, and biodiversity goals.
Online tool/database
24 May 2023

NGFS 2026 Nature Package

Network of Central Banks and Supervisors for Greening the Financial System (NGFS)
The NGFS 2026 Nature Package offers central banks and supervisors practical tools to integrate nature-related risks into financial stability assessments and macroeconomic modelling.
Resource hub

WWF Risk Filter Suite

World Wide Fund for Nature (World Wildlife Fund – WWF)
A free online screening suite from WWF featuring Water and Biodiversity Risk Filters. It helps financial institutions and companies identify nature-related physical and regulatory risks across portfolios using 80+ global datasets.
Online tool/database

SUSREG annual report series

World Wide Fund for Nature (World Wildlife Fund – WWF)
This benchmark series provides a comprehensive assessment of sustainable financial regulations and central banking activities. It tracks progress across global jurisdictions in integrating climate, environmental, and social risks within banking, insurance, and capital markets sectors, supporting the transition towards a net-zero and nature-positive global economy.
Benchmark/series
9 December 2025

Coller FAIRR seafood index methodology: May 2026

Farm Animal Investment Risk and Return (FAIRR)
The Coller FAIRR Seafood Index Methodology outlines the framework for assessing 20 global companies across 16 material topics. It details a bottom-up scoring process, ranging from 0 to 100, and a four-step production cycle. The index measures corporate maturity in response to environmental and social risks in the seafood industry.
Research
1 May 2026

Regionalized characterization factors for microplastic emissions in life cycle assessment considering multimedia fate modelling

This research establishes regionalised characterisation factors for microplastic emissions across marine, freshwater, and terrestrial ecosystems. Using fate modelling aligned with USEtox, it evaluates 14 polymers and five size categories. Findings demonstrate that particle size and density significantly influence environmental persistence and subsequent impacts on global species richness.
Research
6 January 2026

ENCORE Insights: Country Dashboard

Global Canopy
The ENCORE Insights: Country Dashboard is an interactive tool that maps how national economies and sectors depend on nature. Developed by Global Canopy, it helps finance professionals and regulators assess macroeconomic risks associated with nature degradation and ecosystem service dependencies.
Online tool/database
10 December 2025

Southeast Asia nature risk toolkit: A resource for financial institutions

Global Canopy
A resource-hub and workbook designed by ENCORE partners to help financial institutions assess nature-related risks in Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, and Viet Nam. It provides over 120 curated tools and datasets to support TNFD-aligned risk management and investment decisions.
Resource hub
1 June 2026

Just Nature: How finance can support a just transition at the interface of action on climate and biodiversity

Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment
This report examines how the financial sector can facilitate a just transition within nature-based systems. It outlines priorities for sustainable agriculture, deforestation, nature-based solutions, and ocean restoration. The authors provide strategic recommendations for integrating human rights and social inclusion into climate and biodiversity actions to achieve a net-zero economy.
Research
25 August 2022

Gaining ground: State of private investment in nature 2026

The Nature Conservancy
This report analyses the growth of private investment in nature between 2016 and 2025, documenting a fivefold increase in annual capital deployment to $14 billion. It highlights the shift towards institutional-grade natural capital and recommends clearer policy drivers and standardised metrics to unlock investment and bridge the $700 billion finance gap.
Research
23 June 2026

Ocean investment protocol: 2026 revised draft for consultation: A multi-stakeholder plan to enable funding for the Sustainable Ocean Economy

United Nations Global Compact
This report provides a framework for scaling finance towards a sustainable ocean economy. It outlines recommendations for financial institutions, insurers, governments, and central banks to manage risks and capture opportunities. The protocol aims to mobilise the US$1 trillion required by 2030 to protect marine ecosystems and ensure prosperity.
Research
18 June 2026

The emancipatory potential of biodiversity reporting: Evidence from the United Kingdom and South Africa

This research evaluates the emancipatory potential of biodiversity reporting within the United Kingdom and South Africa. Analysing disclosures from 2018 to 2022, it finds significant increases in reporting intensity. The study presents a principles-based framework to distinguish between compliance-oriented disclosures and transformative, action-oriented environmental reporting.
Research
23 April 2026

EJF's squid fisheries series

Environmental Justice Foundation
This report series examines global squid fisheries, focusing on governance gaps, illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing, labour and human rights issues, supply chain transparency, and fisheries management. It analyses risks across key squid fisheries and explores policy and regulatory measures to support more sustainable and accountable fishing practices.
Benchmark/series
8 June 2026

Plastic footprint guidelines

EarthAction
The Plastic Footprint Network's guidance document presents a science-based methodology for assessing corporate plastic footprints. Developed by over 100 professionals from 35 organisations, the framework comprises 11 modules covering macroplastics and microplastics, providing practitioners with a step-by-step process for measuring plastic leakage and reporting results.
Research
1 November 2023
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