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Earth system justice needed to identify and live within Earth system boundaries

This article considers how to integrate principles of justice within Earth’s system boundaries, specifically for climate, the biosphere, water and nutrient cycles, and aerosols. Using the Earth system justice approach, it discusses living within planetary limits whilst minimising significant harm to all people and ensuring equitable access to resources.
Research
19 June 2023

A comprehensive overview of global biodiversity finance

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
This report aims to provide a comprehensive overview and an aggregate estimate of global biodiversity finance. It aims to provide an outline of government support that is potentially harmful to biodiversity and offers recommendations for improving the assessment, tracking, and reporting of biodiversity finance.
Research
6 April 2020

Integrity matters: Net zero commitments by businesses, financial institutions, cities and regions

United Nations (UN)
As the global community faces a climate crisis, the report recommends setting standards and criteria for achieving net zero emissions, addressing concerns about greenwashing, and calling for a just transition for developing countries. The report advocates for a collaborative 'ambition loop' to accelerate global efforts toward a sustainable future.
Research
8 November 2022

Recommendations of the Taskforce on Nature-related Financial Disclosures

Taskforce on Nature-related Financial Disclosures (TNFD)
This report aims to provide a unified approach to the disclosure of natural dependencies, impacts and risks for financial institutions and corporates. As the issue of natural loss and climate change continues to grow, a harmonised way of tackling these risks needs to be agreed to safeguard against material impacts.
Research
30 September 2023

How can businesses thrive in a sustainable economy?

How can businesses thrive while still respecting planetary boundaries and meeting the essential needs of all people? This report provides a framework for businesses to transition to sustainable models by addressing unsustainable characteristics and adopting regenerative and distributive practices. The report highlights examples of businesses implementing these strategies and provides a Sustainable Business Model Canvas for businesses and investors to assess alignment with a sustainable economy.
Research
22 February 2023

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander best practice principles for clean energy projects

First Nations Clean Energy Network
Ten principles placing Australia's First Nations people and communities at the centre of clean energy projects. The Principles ensure that projects provide economic and social benefits, include cultural and environmental considerations, and provide employment opportunities. The Principles are for all stakeholders involved in clean energy projects, including investors and government.
Research
2 December 2022

Aggregate confusion: the divergence of ESG ratings

MIT Sloan School of Management
The research investigates the disagreement in Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) ratings between rating providers. Three factors are identified: measurement divergence, scope divergence and weight divergence. The paper argues for a standardisation of ESG indicators and measurement procedures to reduce the discrepancy in ESG ratings.
Research
15 August 2019

Inter-agency Task Force on Financing for Development's financing for sustainable development reports

Inter-agency Task Force on Financing for Development
The "Financing for Sustainable Development" reports explores global financing challenges and opportunities to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This benchmark report assesses current financial landscapes, identifies financing gaps, and provides actionable recommendations to mobilize resources and reform international financial frameworks, emphasising sustainable and inclusive development.
Benchmark/series

Taking the carbon out of credit: An integrated approach to removing climate emissions from lending

Climate Safe Lending Network
This report makes a complete case for banks and lending institutions to avoid further damaging of the climate. It provides both justification for why this is an important financial undertaking, and principles for how to go about and do it.
Research
20 July 2020

Shifting perceptions: ESG, credit risk and ratings - part 3: From disconnects to action areas

Principles for Responsible Investment (PRI)
This is the third report from the Principles for Responsible Investment (PRI), delving into environmental, social and governance (ESG) risks for fixed income investors and credit rating agencies. This report includes a list of best-in-class practice to advance thinking and practice to incorporate ESG into debt investing.
Research
31 January 2019

Guidance on Sustainability-Linked Loan Principles

Asia Pacific Loan Market Association (APLMA)
The Sustainability-Linked Loan Principles (SLLP) were originally published in 2019 and provide a framework to what is recognised as an increasingly important area of finance. A sustainability-linked loan is one that incentivises borrowers to improve sustainability performance targets. This guidance note should be read alongside the SLLP.
Research
30 March 2022

Sustainability-linked loan principles

Asia Pacific Loan Market Association (APLMA)
The Sustainability-Linked Loan Principles (SLLP), originated in 2019 to provide a framework for this growing area of finance. This summary reviews the SLLP and its five core components. The SLLP have been developed by an experienced working party consisting of representatives from leading financial institutions.
Research
16 March 2022

Standard Chartered

Commercial Organisations
Standard Chartered is a global bank with a distinctive network that stretches across core emerging markets in Asia, Africa, the Middle East and beyond. The bank has 85,000 employees and a presence in 59 markets, serving customers in close to 150 markets worldwide.
Organisation
1 research item

SDG bonds and corporate finance: A roadmap to mainstream investments

United Nations Global Compact
This report describes how a market for mainstream investments that contribute to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), could be created with enough liquidity, scale, and diversification, to attract a range of investors. It inspires and guides companies, governments, and cities, to benefit from better funding while implementing the Paris Goals.
Research
22 November 2018

The missing middles: Segmenting enterprises to better understand their financial needs

Collaborative for Frontier Finance
Small and growing businesses (SGBs) have significant and positive impact on emerging and frontier markets. This report proposes a new segmentation framework to help service providers, enterprises, donors, limited partners (LPs) and field-building organisations understand and navigate the complex landscape of SGB investment in frontier and emerging markets.
Research
2 March 2018

Moving mountains: Unlocking private capital for biodiversity and ecosystems

United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
The Biodiversity Finance Initiative (BIOFIN) seeks to expand private sector contribution and collaboration in biodiversity conservation by developing this guide to assist their understanding of biodiversity and role of private capital in sustainability. This guide aims to assist the private sector in developing finance solutions for biodiversity conservation and finance.
Research
14 November 2019
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