This report is a study of the enabling environment for financial inclusion in 55 low to middle income countries. It focuses on the role of financial inclusion in terms of how governments in those countries responded to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Are “green finance" and climate change gaining traction in the Asian financial sector? Asia Research and Engagement (ARE) reviewed the practices of 88 leading financial institutions across Asia-Pacific to find out. Growing momentum is discovered: 28% of banks and 30% of investors have incorporated climate change into their respective policies.

This McKinsey Sustainability report discusses the climate impact of methane emissions in five key sectors: agriculture, oil and gas, coal mining, waste management, and wastewater. Existing barriers for abatement of methane emission and potential solutions and trade-offs for stakeholders to consider are presented.

In light of COVID-19, this report explores the growing concerns that the animal protein industry is vulnerable to fostering diseases, supply-chain bottlenecks, and food safety issues. FAIRR promotes the Coller FAIRR Protein Producer Index, a tool for investors to analyse how companies address animal welfare, and worker and food safety.

Oil Change International is a research, communications, and advocacy organisation focused on exposing the true costs of fossil fuels and facilitating the ongoing transition to clean energy. Through collaboration and policy analysis, they work within larger movements to build a fossil-free future.

This report explores the contribution of the banking sector to the biodiversity crisis and the destruction of nature as of 2019. The report ranks the 50 largest banks globally based on their financing of unethical operations, finding a large impact on deforestation, ecosystem destruction and overfishing.

Rhodium Group is an independent research provider combining economic data and policy insight to analyse global trends. Key areas of Rhodium expertise include Chinese economic, social and political development, energy and climate change, India’s emergence as a global player and advanced economy restructuring.

The Climate transparency report 2021 summarises the climate actions of G20 countries using the latest emissions data. It covers 100 indicators on decarbonisation, climate policies, finance, and vulnerability to the impacts of climate change. Providing country ratings, it identifies leaders and laggards in transition to a net zero-emission economy.

Asia's meat, dairy, and seafood industries are increasingly vulnerable to risks with the potential to damage returns. This report analyses twelve Asia-Pacific markets identifying five areas of risk including food safety and nutrition, public health, environment, animal welfare and labour standards. Each area of risk includes key questions for investors.

The report examines how the adoption of policies that drive strong economic outcomes for the private sector often reduce poverty in the developing world, primarily through opportunities for job creation. In particular, the report calls for policies that promote greater access to credit and the protection of minority investors.

Global Witness is an investigative non-government organisation with the goal of a more sustainable, just and equal planet. It has a history of exposing environmental and human rights abuses, power imbalances and financial impact around the world.

This report examines the trend of Chinese power companies’ increasing capital expenditure into coal power in China, and presents evidence of how it can be a financial risk for investors. It also provides recommendations for investors to engage with company management and apply greater scrutiny to company investments in coal fired power.

This report highlights why responsible labour practices in the apparel industry matter for investors. Drawing on investor case studies, the report explains how to implement effective strategies that address risks and negative human rights impacts in investee companies and their supply chains.

The Lancet is an independent, international weekly general medical journal. The journal strives to make science widely available so that medicine can serve, and transform society, and positively impact the lives of people.

This is the final report from a four-year, multi-stakeholder/multi-jurisdiction research and engagement exercise. It demonstrates that environmental, social and governance integration is a component of investors' fiduciary duty. In order to fulfill this duty, regulators and policymakers must better understand fiduciaries’ needs and establish policies that support this approach.

An overview of data by the Climate Bonds Initiative, illustrating market growth in ASEAN’s green, sustainable bond, and loan markets. ASEAN is an intergovernmental organisation integrating economic, educational, and sociocultural integration. ASEAN's issuance grew 98% in 2019 and makes up 3% of the global total.