This commentary assesses risks of a self-reinforcing “hothouse Earth” trajectory driven by accelerating warming, feedback loops and tipping points. It reviews evidence on climate sensitivity, overshoot scenarios and cascading tipping elements, warning that current emissions pathways heighten irreversible risks and require urgent mitigation and precautionary governance.

This paper estimates that global temperature increases have far larger macroeconomic damages than local measures suggest. Using time-series evidence and a neoclassical growth model, it finds a 1°C rise reduces world GDP by over 20% long term, implying substantial welfare losses and a high social cost of carbon.

The IPBES Business and Biodiversity assessment evaluates how businesses depend on and impact biodiversity and nature’s contributions to people, reviews measurement approaches, and outlines options for action to manage risks and align business practices with biodiversity outcomes, supporting Target 15 of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework.

The Global Pension Transparency Benchmark is a benchmark series initiated in 2021 that assesses how clearly major pension funds disclose information on value-generation for stakeholders. It evaluates public disclosures across four equally weighted factors — governance and organisation, performance, costs and responsible investing — using a structured scoring methodology. The purpose is to promote better transparency and accountability in pension reporting. Finance professionals can use the benchmark to compare disclosure practices, inform improvements in fund reporting and align with evolving global standards.

Guidance from UNEP FI and the Equator Principles on integrating project-related finance into nature-based risk assessments. It outlines frameworks, governance and disclosure expectations to help financial institutions identify, assess and manage biodiversity, water and pollution-related risks at project and portfolio levels.

This McKinsey Global Institute report assesses current and projected costs of adapting to heat, drought, flooding and wildfires under a 2°C warming scenario. It estimates $190 billion is spent annually today, rising to $1.2 trillion by 2050 for developed-economy protection standards, with benefits outweighing costs.

This report analyses global coal supply, demand, trade and prices to 2030. It assesses regional consumption trends across power and industry, production outlooks for major exporters, policy and decarbonisation impacts, and market risks. Forecasts highlight shifting Asian demand, plateauing global use, and implications for investment and energy security.

This guide explains key terms related to fundamental principles and rights at work, including freedom of association, collective bargaining, forced and child labour, discrimination and living wages. It outlines links to trade, supply chains, due diligence and international labour standards, supporting consistent interpretation in policy and corporate practice.

Global Cybersecurity Outlook 2026 examines AI-driven threats, geopolitical volatility and supply chain vulnerabilities shaping cyber risk. Drawing on a global survey, it highlights rising AI-related risks, escalating cyber-enabled fraud, regulatory fragmentation and persistent skills shortages, emphasising resilience, ecosystem collaboration and economic impacts as strategic priorities.

Accenture is a global professional services and technology consulting firm helping organisations with strategy, digital transformation, cloud, AI, operations and industry-specific solutions. Headquartered in Dublin, it serves clients worldwide, driving innovation and growth across sectors with expert consulting and technology services.

This series sets out a systems-informed framework for reimagining investment stewardship. It examines stewardship as an interconnected system shaped by policies, practices, resource flows, relationships, power dynamics and mental models, and proposes practical shifts to embed responsibility, design for complexity, and manage for long-term sustainability outcomes.

This series reviews global developments in climate change litigation, tracking case numbers, jurisdictions, claimant and defendant trends, and evolving legal strategies. Drawing on international litigation databases, it analyses patterns in claims against governments and corporations, highlighting emerging themes in climate governance, accountability and legal risk.

This benchmark series examines the gap between governments’ planned fossil fuel production and pathways consistent with international climate goals. It assesses alignment with temperature limits by reviewing national production plans and policy signals, providing a consistent framework to track progress and comparability across editions.

This benchmark series provides an annual, independent assessment of progress in implementing Australia’s sustainable finance roadmap and action plan. It tracks policy, regulatory, market and institutional developments, offering a consistent framework to monitor how the financial system is aligning with sustainability objectives over time.

The China Sustainable Investment Review is a recurring research series that provides a structured overview of the development of China’s sustainable investment market. It examines policy evolution, market practices, product types, and ESG integration across financial institutions using publicly available information.

The MSCI Sustainability Institute Net-Zero Tracker is a periodic benchmark series that monitors how listed companies align with global climate goals. It provides a consistent framework for assessing emissions pathways, transition readiness, disclosure practices and climate-related investment context across markets and sectors.