Library | ESG issues

Climate Change

Climate change, driven by human-induced greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, is increasing global temperatures and extreme weather events. Major GHGs like carbon dioxide and methane primarily come from burning fossil fuels, deforestation, and agriculture. Key sectors contributing to emissions include energy, industry, transport, buildings, and land use, making mitigation and adaptation essential for environmental and economic stability.

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Urban heat risk management: Resource package

United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDDR)
This resource package provides practical guidance for local and national governments on managing urban heat risks through governance, planning, nature-based solutions and emergency preparedness. Drawing on global evidence and city case studies, it outlines strategies to strengthen urban resilience to increasing extreme heat.
Resource hub
14 April 2025

Unlocking climate risk insurance: The role of public development banks

Climate Policy Initiative
This report examines how public development banks (PDBs) can expand climate risk insurance in emerging markets and developing economies. It identifies five key barriers to insurance uptake, analyses distinct roles for national, regional, and multilateral development banks, and provides recommendations to scale insurance solutions that build climate resilience.
Research
7 May 2026

Climate Shift Index Global Map

Climate Central
The Climate Shift Index Global Map by Climate Central is an interactive tool visualising global air, ocean, and humid heat climate factors.
Online tool/database

Climate Central

Climate Central
Climate Central Resources is an online library of climate science content, interactive tools, graphics and datasets. It provides evidence-based information on climate change impacts, extreme weather, sea level rise and climate risk, supporting analysis, communication and decision-making across sectors, including finance.
Resource hub

APLMA: Green and Sustainable Lending Microsite

Asia Pacific Loan Market Association (APLMA)
The APLMA Green and Sustainable Lending Microsite provides documentation, principles, guidelines, and market data for sustainable lending.
Resource hub

ResilienceArc

ARC Centre of Excellence for Climate Extremes
ResilienceArc is an open-access platform assessing corporate exposure and resilience to physical climate risks by linking asset-level data.
Online tool/database
4 November 2025

CEF Newsletter

Climate Energy Finance (CEF)
The CEF Newsletter delivers updates and financial analysis on the global energy transition, renewable energy markets, and climate policy.
Resource hub

Navigating nature-related data: Metrics, sources and uses

Network of Central Banks and Supervisors for Greening the Financial System (NGFS)
This NGFS information note examines available nature-related data resources and methods for integrating them into financial risk assessment. It reviews metrics and indicators against five key criteria, presents four case studies, and identifies data quality, availability, and standardisation challenges. Public-private collaboration and targeted investment are recommended to address data gaps.
Research
2 April 2026

Driving Australian climate innovation: Unlocking capital to support a clean industrial revolution

Investor Group on Climate Change
Commissioned by IGCC and authored by Pollination, this report reviews climate innovation policy in California, Denmark, the Netherlands, South Korea and Germany to identify gaps in Australia's policy landscape and recommend measures to drive transition industry investment, including strengthening the Safeguard Mechanism and establishing a national industrial strategy.
Research
6 April 2023

Market success of short-duration batteries paves the way for longer-lasting storage

Institute for Energy Economics and Financial Analysis (IEEFA)
Short-duration battery storage in the U.S. has grown 25x in five years, reaching 43,419 MW. This IEEFA report examines how that success is opening pathways for long-duration energy storage, driven by state mandates, data centre demand from AI companies, and advances in technologies including iron-air, liquid air, and carbon-oxygen systems.
Research
26 May 2026

Climate change and cruelty: Revealing the true impact of factory farming

World Animal Protection
This World Animal Protection report examines the climate and environmental impacts of factory farming in Brazil, China, the USA and the Netherlands. It models scenarios for reduced meat consumption and higher welfare production, finding that eating less and better could halve the climate impacts of chicken and pork by 2040.
Research
29 August 2022

Don't mess with the ETS: Priorities for the upcoming EU emissions trading system revision

Carbon Market Watch
Carbon Market Watch presents a 10-point plan for improving the EU Emissions Trading System ahead of its upcoming revision. The report argues against weakening the cap, free allocation phase-out, or the Market Stability Reserve, and calls for expanded coverage of aviation, shipping, and biomass, alongside eliminating fossil fuel subsidies from ETS revenues.
Research
10 May 2026

IEA Methane Tracker Data Tool

International Energy Agency (IEA)
The IEA Methane Tracker Data Tool provides interactive, country-level methane emissions data and enhanced policy tracking across the energy sector.
Online tool/database

The G7 Net Zero Temperature Check

The British Standards Institution (BSI)
BSI's G7 Net Zero Temperature Check benchmarks corporate net zero progress across G7 nations, surveying over 7,000 business leaders on climate strategy and commitments.
Online tool/database

The Clean Investment Monitor

Rhodium Group
Tracks global investment in clean energy and decarbonisation technologies using facility-level data, covering the US, China, and all countries worldwide.
Online tool/database

SME Climate Hub

We Mean Business
Free platform helping SMEs measure emissions, build climate action plans, and report progress toward net zero by 2050.
Online tool/database
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