Library | ESG issues

Climate Change

Climate change, driven by human-induced greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, is increasing global temperatures and extreme weather events. Major GHGs like carbon dioxide and methane primarily come from burning fossil fuels, deforestation, and agriculture. Key sectors contributing to emissions include energy, industry, transport, buildings, and land use, making mitigation and adaptation essential for environmental and economic stability.

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Framing and language for effective climate conversations

Finance relevance: Broader finance community
Expert guide
11 June 2024
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IEA Global Energy and Climate Model

International Energy Agency (IEA)
The Global Energy and Climate Model is an integrated analytical tool developed by the International Energy Agency to assess long-term global energy systems. It supports scenario analysis of energy demand, supply, investment and emissions under different policy and technology pathways.
Online tool/database

INGENIAR Risk Intelligence

Commercial Research Providers
Ingeniar: Risk Intelligence is a commercial risk management consultancy specialising in disaster risk assessment, climate resilience, and probabilistic risk modelling. It provides technical studies, analytics, and software tools supporting infrastructure planning, adaptation strategies, and financial risk decision-making for public and private sector clients globally.
Organisation
1 research item

CIMA Research Foundation

Scientific Bodies
CIMA Research Foundation is a non-profit scientific organisation specialising in environmental monitoring, climate risk and disaster risk reduction. It develops forecasting models, early warning systems and applied research for civil protection, climate adaptation and resilience, working with governments, academia and international programmes across Europe and globally in multiple hazard domains.
Organisation
1 research item

German Weather Service (DWD)

Government Organisations & Departments
Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD) is Germany’s national meteorological service and a federal authority.It provides weather forecasts, climate monitoring, early warning services, and scientific data.DWD supports climate risk analysis, disaster preparedness, research, and public decision-making.
Organisation
4 research items

NGFS Scenarios Portal

Network of Central Banks and Supervisors for Greening the Financial System (NGFS)
The NGFS Scenarios Portal is a publicly available database developed by the Network for Greening the Financial System, providing harmonised climate and macroeconomic scenarios. It supports central banks and supervisors in assessing short- and long-term climate-related financial risks through consistent, transparent scenario analysis.
Online tool/database

OS-Climate (Open Source Climate)

Finance / Corporate Focused NGOs & Think Tanks
OS-Climate is an open-source initiative hosted by the Linux Foundation building climate data and analytics infrastructure to integrate climate risk into financial decision-making at scale. It unites financial institutions, tech leaders and scientists to develop transparent tools for climate risk, portfolio alignment and transition analysis.
Organisation
1 research item

Global Carbon Atlas

Global Carbon Project
GlobalCarbonAtlas.org is an online platform for exploring, visualising and downloading up-to-date global and regional carbon flux and emissions data from human activities and natural processes, supporting analysis of CO₂, methane and nitrous oxide trends across countries and sectors.
Online tool/database

UNEP Strata

United Nations Environment Programme
UNEP Strata is a free, web-based geospatial platform that maps where climate, environmental and security stresses overlap with socio-economic vulnerabilities to support analysis, planning and monitoring by practitioners, analysts and policymakers.
Online tool/database

UN SDG Portal

United Nations (UN)
The United Nations SDGs platform (sdgs.un.org) is an online hub for the 2030 Agenda and 17 Sustainable Development Goals, offering goals, targets, indicators, events, publications and global actions to track and support SDG implementation. It also includes registries of voluntary commitments and multi-stakeholder partnerships.
Online tool/database

Macroeconomic Climate Indicators Dashboard

International Monetary Fund
IMF Climate Data Portal
International Monetary Fund climate data portal provides country-level indicators linking climate change with macroeconomic and financial analysis, including emissions, climate risks, adaptation, mitigation, and climate finance. Data are standardised, downloadable, and designed to support policy, research, and comparative economic assessment.
Online tool/database

Integrated Carbon Observation System (ICOS)

Integrated Carbon Observation System (ICOS)
Integrated Carbon Observation System (ICOS) Near Real-Time Observational Data (Level 1) provides rapidly delivered atmospheric and ecosystem measurements, typically within 24 hours. Data undergo automated quality control only and are released as growing time series. Suitable for monitoring and exploratory analysis, not final scientific assessment.
Online tool/database

Minamata Convention Data Platorm

Minamata Convention Data Platorm is an open-source, cloud-based geospatial platform for managing, analysing and visualising spatial data on natural resources and the environment. It supports dashboards, maps and story maps to aggregate and share authoritative data for decision-making and impact monitoring.
Online tool/database

World Bank CMIP5 Global Climate Change Viewer

The World Bank
The World Bank’s Climate Knowledge Portal – CMIP5 section provides access to historical and future climate projections based on the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5. It supports analysis of temperature, precipitation and climate risks for countries/regions using multi-model ensemble data to inform climate risk assessment and adaptation planning.
Online tool/database

FIRMS Fire Information for Resource Management System

National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
NASA’s Fire Information for Resource Management System (FIRMS) provides global near-real-time satellite data on active fires and thermal anomalies, viewable via interactive maps, alerts and downloadable files. It uses MODIS and VIIRS instruments to detect fire locations and deliver data within hours for monitoring, analysis and decision-making.
Online tool/database

The twin transition century

The Guild of European Research-Intensive Universities
This paper argues that Europe’s green transition depends on aligning digital transformation with sustainability goals. It outlines how digital research can both reduce its own environmental footprint and enable climate action, calling for long-term, interdisciplinary research investment and coordinated EU policy.
Research
18 September 2023

Climate risk index series

Germanwatch
The Climate Risk Index is an annual benchmark series that compares countries’ exposure and vulnerability to extreme weather events using a consistent, historical, data-driven framework. Across all editions, it supports comparative assessment of physical climate risk over time and informs policy, risk analysis, and climate-aware financial decision-making.
Benchmark/series
11 November 2025
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