Library | ESG issues

Environmental

The environmental pillar in ESG (environmental, social, and governance) assesses an organisation’s impact on the planet. It includes issues such as climate change, biodiversity, waste management and water management. Strong environmental practices help businesses reduce risks, comply with regulations, and drive long-term sustainability.

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Doughnut economics for regenerative business design

An edited volume applying Doughnut Economics to business design, using case studies and critical reflections to examine how purpose, networks, governance, ownership and finance can support regenerative and distributive business models. It focuses on redesigning firms to operate within ecological and social limits.
Research
9 March 2026

Climate-nature scenario development for financial risk assessment

Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK)
This report develops integrated climate-nature scenarios for financial risk assessment, showing that combined climate and nature policies provide a fuller view of agricultural, biodiversity and ecosystem-service risks than separate approaches, with implications for central banks, supervisors and future stress-testing frameworks.
Research
12 November 2024

You Built This

This article argues that modern investment strategies fuel economic extraction while often underperforming simpler alternatives. It calls on investors to realign portfolios with productive, community-oriented investments that generate real economic and social value.
Article
23 March 2026

The circular economy: A 'triple play' solution for achieving China's climate objectives

Ellen MacArthur Foundation
The report argues that a circular economy can help China meet climate goals by cutting emissions in hard-to-abate sectors, securing critical materials for renewable energy, and improving climate resilience, while outlining policy actions on design, resource management, investment, measurement, and cross-sector collaboration.
Organisation
23 December 2024

Untapped potential: Asset owners and climate policy influence

InfluenceMap
Assesses major asset owners’ influence on climate policy, finding limited stewardship and advocacy despite significant potential. Most score poorly on climate lobbying oversight and transparency, with few aligning engagement to net zero goals. Highlights gaps in managing asset managers and industry associations, and calls for stronger, coordinated policy engagement.
Research
3 December 2024

How does climate risk affect global equity valuations? A novel approach

EDHEC Climate Institute
The report presents a probabilistic, state-dependent valuation framework for global equities under climate risk, finding that strong abatement could limit revaluation losses to 5–10%, while continued weak abatement could imply declines of around 40%, with tipping points worsening losses.
Research
10 July 2024

Market assessment on critical minerals innovation in developing countries

United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO)
This report assesses critical minerals innovation in developing countries, focusing on midstream processing and downstream manufacturing, recycling and end-of-life treatment. It reviews 30 countries, highlights policy and financing gaps, and recommends stronger infrastructure, coordination, technology transfer and support for innovation ecosystems.
Research
26 November 2024

ANREV (Asian Association for Investors in Non-Listed Real Estate Vehicles)

Finance Industry Groups
ANREV (Asian Association for Investors in Non-Listed Real Estate Vehicles) is a not-for-profit industry body supporting institutional investors in Asia-Pacific real estate funds. It provides research, indices and market data, promotes transparency and best practice, and enables informed investment decisions across non-listed real estate markets.
Organisation
1 research item

Australian financial institutions’ views on climate and clean energy opportunities in South and Southeast Asia

Australian Sustainable Finance Institute (ASFI)
Assesses Australian financial institutions’ views on climate and clean energy investment in South and Southeast Asia, highlighting growth potential, limited current exposure, key risks, and barriers. It emphasises blended finance, policy support, and government intervention to mobilise private capital and scale regional investment.
Research
20 November 2024

The 12th national risk assessment: Property prices in Peril

First Street
First Street argues climate risk is reshaping US housing via higher insurance costs and climate-driven migration, with projected net residential property value losses of about US$1.2 trillion by 2055 and 84% of census tracts facing some negative valuation effects.
Research
1 February 2025

Incentivising climate action with executive remuneration in Australia

Investor Group on Climate Change
Provides a framework for linking climate goals to executive remuneration in Australia, emphasising alignment with credible transition strategies, measurable and sector-specific metrics, appropriate weighting, and transparent disclosure. Highlights growing adoption, implementation challenges, and guiding principles to improve investor engagement and incentive effectiveness.
Research
5 November 2024

Taking the lead on climate action and sustainable development: Recommendations for strategic national transition planning at the centre of a whole-of-system climate response

Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment
The report outlines principles for national transition planning to drive a coordinated, whole-of-economy shift to net zero. It proposes five pillars—strategy, implementation, engagement, metrics and governance—to align policy, mobilise finance, enhance accountability, and support sustainable development and climate resilience.
Research
20 September 2024

Sustainable and responsible investment for central banks

Network of Central Banks and Supervisors for Greening the Financial System (NGFS)
NGFS reports outline how central banks can integrate sustainable and responsible investment into corporate, sovereign and broader portfolio management, using climate metrics, risk and impact frameworks, governance arrangements and practical implementation guidance, while recognising data gaps, methodological limits and trade-offs with mandates and core investment objectives.
Research
16 May 2024

Regulating finance for biodiversity: An assessment for the global biodiversity framework

Profundo
This report assesses how financial regulation in Indonesia, Brazil, China, the EU and the US aligns with Global Biodiversity Framework targets, finding biodiversity integration generally weak and recommending stronger disclosure, due diligence, taxonomies, sanctions and sector-specific rules to redirect finance away from forest-risk activities.
Research
14 October 2024

The economics of water: Valuing the hydrological cycle as a global common good

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
The report argues the hydrological cycle should be governed as a global common good, with water valued more accurately and managed for efficiency, equity and environmental sustainability, supported by five missions spanning food systems, ecosystems, circular water use, lower water-intensity industry, and universal safe water access. The report is produced by the Global Commission on the Economics of Water, supported by the OECD.
Research
21 November 2024

100 million farmers: Breakthrough models for financing a sustainability transition

World Economic Forum
Report proposes financing and collaboration models to accelerate adoption of regenerative agriculture. It identifies economic, technical and social barriers farmers face and outlines coordinated mechanisms—combining ecosystem-service monetisation, blended capital and multi-actor partnerships—to scale sustainable food production and support farmers’ transition.
Research
9 January 2024
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