This report aims to enable a better understanding of the business sectors and financial mechanisms a risk from biodiversity destruction and lay the ground-work for target setting by the finance sector. It also supports investors in understanding the broader economic implications of biodiversity loss, offering insights and recommendations for integrating biodiversity into business and investment strategies.

The report examines the economic case for protecting biodiversity, identifies market failures causing biodiversity loss, highlights the biodiversity financing gap, and recommends nine financial and policy mechanisms to close this gap and maintain ecosystem integrity. This report also supports investors in identifying investment opportunities in nature-based solutions by providing comprehensive analyses of financial mechanisms and case studies, encouraging the allocation of capital to biodiversity-friendly projects.

This benchmark report, produced by the United Nations Environment Programme, assesses the discrepancy between projected and necessary global greenhouse gas emissions to meet the Paris Agreement targets. It highlights the urgent need for enhanced mitigation actions and tracks progress on national commitments and policy implementations.

This guide is designed to support financial institutions that are looking for ways to engage with companies on biodiversity related issues. The guide includes practical information on engagement scope and approaches, collaborative engagements to join, guidelines for engagement, and how to escalate from engagement to voting.

This field guide helps investors identify and assess nature-related impacts and dependencies across eight key sectors. It provides sector-specific insights and strategies for integrating nature considerations into investment decisions.

The Finance and Deforestation advisory group provides a time-bound roadmap for all types of financial institutions, including asset owners, pension funds, asset managers, insurers and banks at any stage of the process, to start eliminating deforestation, conversion, and associated human rights abuses from their financial portfolios by 2025. This Roadmap covers all asset classes, including equity, fixed income, project finance, and real assets.

This guide provides detailed instructions for conducting due diligence in relation to deforestation-free supply chains. It offers practical steps and tools for businesses to identify, assess, and mitigate deforestation risks in their supply chains, promoting sustainable and responsible sourcing practices.

This reference guide builds on the Green Bond Principles and Green Loan Principles as well as related resources, including the ICMA Handbook for Impact Reporting. It also aligns with targets in the recently adopted Global Biodiversity Framework. Both the Green Bond Principles and Green Loan Principles list biodiversity as an eligible use of proceeds. However, they do not provide a granular description of the types of projects that fit this category. The purpose of this reference guide is to address this gap and provide an indicative list of investment activities that contribute to protecting, maintaining, or enhancing biodiversity and ecosystem services and sustainably managing living natural resources through the adoption of practices that integrate conservation needs and sustainable development.

The BankTrack Human Rights Benchmark series evaluates commercial banks globally, with a global and regional focus including Latin America, Asia, and Africa. It assesses 50 of the world’s largest private sector commercial banks against the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights, examining policy commitments, due diligence, reporting, and remedy processes to ensure compliance with human rights standards.

The CDP's water watch impact index tool makes a qualitative assessment of impact on freshwater resources at different stages of the value chain, based on independent and trusted academic, scientific and industry-recognized sources. Its focus on environmental impact distinguishes it from tools that measure business risks posed by water.

Australia’s "Green Metal Statecraft" outlines a transformative agenda for advancing its green iron industry. The report advocates leveraging renewables-powered iron ore processing, supported by $10-30 billion in strategic public investment. Emphasising economic, environmental, and energy security, the plan aligns national policy with decarbonisation to secure Australia’s leadership in sustainable steelmaking and green exports.

The report synthesises research between 2020-2024 on preventing adult exploitation and trafficking. It highlights limited evidence on early intervention, re-trafficking prevention, and primary prevention. Recommendations include better prevention systems, multi-agency collaboration, addressing root causes, and evaluating effective trade and governance practices.

The report explores the concept of interconnected justice in global climate and nature transitions. It highlights the need for policies that integrate environmental, social, and economic dimensions, advocating multi-actor dialogues and frameworks to mitigate cross-border inequalities.

The report evaluates progress in corporate and financial net zero policies across G20 nations. It highlights uneven adoption, notable gaps in ambition, and policy divergence. While disclosure and taxonomies advance, integration of just transition, adaptation, and nature remains limited. The report calls for global alignment to meet 1.5°C targets.

The BFFI was designed to provide an overall assessment of the biodiversity footprint of the economic activities in which a financial institution is investing. This methodology paper outlines the steps involved in conducting a biodiversity footprinting assessment using the methods recommended by the Netherlands Enterprise Agency.

This report explores the potential of artificial intelligence and big holdings data for central banks. It highlights how asset demand systems and AI models improve policy decisions, optimise monetary interventions, and address financial risks. Applications include managing contagion, designing climate stress tests, and identifying crowded trades, enhancing economic resilience.