Library | Sustainable Finance Practices

Effective communication and greenwash

Tools and strategies for transparent communication on sustainability performance, with guidance on identifying and preventing greenwashing and advancing consumer education and financial literacy.

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Rate the raters series

ERM SustainAbility Institute
Rate the Raters is a benchmark series by the ERM Sustainability Institute tracking corporate perceptions of ESG rating agencies. It examines quality, usefulness, trust, and engagement with ESG raters across regions and industries, offering a longitudinal view of the evolving ESG ratings landscape for companies and investors.
Benchmark/series
8 December 2025

Ratings insights: Understanding the global green bond index

Sustainable Fitch
Sustainable Fitch maps its framework and entity-level ratings to the Bloomberg MSCI Global Green Bond Index, covering 88% of index bonds. While index constituents show stronger framework quality and ICMA alignment than the broader market, many high-quality and transition-relevant bonds sit outside the benchmark due to financial eligibility constraints.
Research
20 May 2026

Credible climate financing and fossil fuel phase-out commitments are possible but remain marginal amongst major financial institutions

World Benchmarking Alliance
WBA's analysis of 400 major financial institutions finds that transition planning is emerging but capital allocation to low-carbon solutions and fossil fuel phase-out commitments remain marginal. Only two institutions demonstrate robust fossil-fuel restrictions, and low-carbon activities account for an average of just 2.7% of total financed activities globally.
Research
30 June 2026

Ethical & impactful usage of AI

This report by Do Harvey outlines an ethical framework for AI usage, highlighting environmental impacts, security risks, and bias concerns. It advocates for transparent, client-opt-in adoption underpinned by human oversight, and summarises five modes of AI use to guide teams in making values-aligned, informed decisions.
Research
12 August 2025

State of the Sustainability Profession 2026

Trellis Group
The 2026 State of the Sustainability Profession report by Trellis Group surveys more than 500 professionals at companies with at least $1 billion in revenue. Most large businesses are maintaining sustainability commitments despite political headwinds, though investment has slowed, communications are being scaled back and professionals report growing dissatisfaction.
Research
4 May 2026

How a surge in defence and dual-use technology investment could reconfigure the global AI race

Chatham House
This Chatham House paper examines four trends — rising defence and dual-use investment, the growth of 'patriotic tech', the push for sovereign AI, and concerns over an AI valuation bubble — that could multipolarise the global AI race, and offers recommendations for private sector preparedness.
Research
1 April 2026

Final report on the amending guidelines on product oversight and governance arrangements for retail banking products to take into account products with ESG features and greenwashing risks

The EBA's final report amends the 2016 Product Oversight and Governance (POG) Guidelines to incorporate ESG features and greenwashing risks for retail banking products. Key changes include requirements for manufacturers and distributors to prevent greenwashing, extended scope to non-bank consumer credit providers, and an application date of 11 January 2027.
Research
30 June 2026

Responsible AI in practice: 2025 global insights from the AI Company Data initiative

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)
This report analyses publicly disclosed data from 2,972 companies across 11 sectors, revealing a significant gap between AI adoption and governance maturity. Only 13 per cent align their strategy with a formal framework, and few demonstrate adequate worker protections, ethical impact assessments, or training data oversight.
Research
31 March 2026

Ranking digital rights: The 2025 big tech edition

Ranking Digital Rights
The 2025 RDR Index Big Tech Edition ranks 14 major technology companies on governance, freedom of expression, and privacy. Microsoft leads overall with 50%, followed by Alphabet at 49% and Meta at 47%. Scores are also assessed across eight thematic lenses, including algorithmic transparency, security, and targeted advertising.
Research
29 June 2026

Ranking digital rights: The 2026 Telco giants edition

Ranking Digital Rights
Ranking Digital Rights' 2026 Telco Giants Edition scores 12 major telecom companies on governance, freedom of expression, and privacy. Telefónica leads overall with 57%, while Ooredoo ranks lowest at 14%. Historical data from 2017 to 2026 shows varied progress, with scores dipping in 2020 due to new indicators.
Research
29 June 2026

The TISFD framework: Recommendations for disclosure of people-related information by businesses and financial institutions

Taskforce on Inequality and Social-related Financial Disclosures (TISFD)
The TISFD Framework (Beta Version 0.1) presents draft disclosure recommendations for businesses and financial institutions on people-related impacts, dependencies, risks and opportunities. Building on ISSB, GRI and ESRS standards, it covers governance, strategy, and impact and risk management pillars, with metrics and targets to follow in future iterations.
Research
11 June 2026

Financial secrets of the forests: How secrecy fuels deforestation in Brazil and Cameroon

Financial Transparency Coalition
This report examines illicit financial flows linked to deforestation in Brazil and Cameroon, estimating trade mispricing losses at US$289 million per year in Cameroon and US$214 million in Brazil. It finds that financial and land ownership secrecy enables illicit deforestation and recommends public beneficial ownership registries and supply chain transparency measures.
Research
25 May 2026

The Swiss investors in the ICE system

BreakFree Suisse
This BreakFree Suisse research note examines Swiss institutional investors — including UBS, SNB, Zurich Insurance, and others — holding billions of dollars in US ICE contractors Palantir, AT&T, Geo Group, and CoreCivic. The report argues these investments conflict with the investors' stated human rights policies and ESG commitments.
Research
6 February 2026

Biodiversity loss will decrease the future creditworthiness of nations

This study examines how biodiversity and ecosystem service loss affect sovereign creditworthiness across 23 countries. Using ecological-economic modelling, it finds that a partial ecosystem collapse could generate US$162 billion in additional annual debt servicing costs globally, highlighting that sovereign credit ratings are systematically underpricing nature-related financial risks.
Research
27 May 2026

Mindful Money Fund Checker

Mindful Money
Free NZ tool to check and compare KiwiSaver funds against ethical issues of concern using publicly available data and portfolio analytics.
Online tool/database

Sustainability-related disclosure guidance

Financial Markets Authority (FMA)
New Zealand's Financial Markets Authority guidance on sustainability-related disclosure for financial product issuers. Covers fair dealing obligations under the Financial Markets Conduct Act 2013, addressing greenwashing and greenhushing risks, with practical guidance on clear claims, substantiation, consistent messaging and third-party management.
Research
18 May 2026
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