This research examines the fragmented definitions of climate adaptation and resilience within finance and real assets. It identifies structural disagreements between regulatory frameworks and highlights five institutional gaps, including valuation and governance, that hinder large-scale investment. The paper advocates for improved institutional architecture to address systemic climate risks.

This report examines synergies between AI ethics principles and the International Labour Organisation's normative framework. It identifies convergences in social justice and beneficence, alongside divergences regarding collective autonomy and privacy. The paper argues that international labour standards provide a legitimate reference point for governing AI-mediated transformations in workplaces.

This report explores Indigenous ocean law, critiquing Western legal frameworks while advocating for Indigenous-led marine management. It highlights the Haida Nation’s success in securing marine title through negotiation and litigation, and presents conceptual tools like keystone theory and the rights of nature to support sustainable ocean governance.

The Climate Adaptation Investment Framework identifies six building blocks to help governments mobilise public and private finance for climate resilience. It addresses the gap between tens of billions in current flows and the hundreds of billions needed annually, offering guidance on regulation, strategic planning, and sustainable finance tools.

This guide examines greenwashing and disinformation in the mining sector, detailing strategies used to project an environmentally responsible image. It identifies tactics such as 'woke-washing' and judicial intimidation, while advocating for stronger consumer protection, anti-SLAPP laws, and transparency to combat corporate narratives that delay urgent climate action.

This research examines how nature-related risks affect the financial system and central bank risk management. It provides empirical evidence of biodiversity risk pricing in Eurozone corporate bonds and proposes a four-stage framework—identification, assessment, mitigation, and disclosure—to help central banks protect their balance sheets and maintain financial stability.

This report evaluates nature-related financial risks for banking systems in Ghana, Mauritius, Morocco, Rwanda, and Zambia. It demonstrates that an orderly transition to nature-positive practices significantly reduces profit and credit losses. Key sectors like agriculture and mining are most vulnerable, requiring coordinated regulatory and financial action.

This NGFS report provides a conceptual framework for central banks and supervisors to assess nature-related financial risks. It defines physical and transition risks and outlines a three-phase approach for risk identification, economic assessment, and financial system impact. Illustrative cases on the Amazon and Colorado River demonstrate the framework’s application.

This research highlights the impact of corporate secrecy in the UK’s Overseas Territories on global corruption and money laundering. Analysing 237 cases involving 1,201 companies, it identifies over £250 billion in diverted funds and calls for public registers of beneficial ownership to increase transparency and combat financial crime.

This research explores the "fossil fuel–debt trap" in the Global South, analysing how sovereign debt and fossil fuel dependence reinforce each other across Colombia, Egypt, Guyana, Jordan, and Sri Lanka. It identifies structural barriers to energy transitions and proposes reforms, including debt cancellation and grant-based climate finance.

This research assesses the ESG compliance of Access Bank, Standard Chartered, UBA, and Zenith Bank using the 2025 Fair Finance Guide Methodology. It reveals a low average performance score of 1.7/10, noting that while banks satisfy domestic regulatory requirements, significant gaps remain in climate action and tax transparency.

This research examines the accountability of professional enablers involved in illicit financial flows from Africa. Findings reveal a substantial accountability gap, with successful criminal outcomes in only 2% of observations. The report highlights regulatory loopholes and recommends systemic prioritisation of enabler investigations by enforcement agencies and supervisors.

This report evaluates Canada's public consultation processes for artificial intelligence governance, comparing them with Australia, Colombia, and the United States. It identifies systemic challenges in achieving meaningful citizen engagement and recommends strategies to enhance transparency, inclusivity, and public trust through improved outreach and permanent feedback mechanisms.

This playbook assists financial regulatory authorities to transition from collecting gender-disaggregated data to using it systematically in supervision and policymaking. Drawing on research in Nigeria and Tanzania, it outlines a three-phase approach—discovery, ideation, and prototype advancement—supported by a framework of eleven foundations to ensure effective, inclusive regulation.

This report provides guidance for governments to finance zero waste systems. It highlights fiscal benefits, including job creation and cost reductions of 66–75% compared to incineration. It details mechanisms like procurement reform and extended producer responsibility while identifying pitfalls such as capital-intensive debt traps and dependency on grants.

This report evaluates the impact of transmission investment tax credits on the United States power grid. Under high load growth, these credits reduce annual system costs by up to $1.17 billion and lower emissions. Conversely, in low-growth scenarios, benefits are limited and may modestly increase emissions.