Bitcoin mining has significant environmental impacts, driven by its reliance on electricity-intensive processes. In 2020-2021, mining consumed 173 TWh of electricity, primarily from fossil fuels, and emitted 86 Mt CO2, contributing to climate change, water scarcity, and land use issues. Global regulatory action is urgently needed.

This report provides an overview of the key methodological and conceptual trends among the private sector assessment and disclosure approaches on nature-related issues. It provides comparative research on seven leading standards, frameworks and systems for assessment and disclosure on nature-related issues

This report presents a multi-asset class decarbonisation framework aimed at bridging the global climate investment gap and guiding financial institutions in capital allocation strategies to decarbonise the real economy. The framework includes steps to set emission reduction targets, allocate capital accordingly, and monitor progress using metrics like the Net Zero Deviation Index (NZDI), while emphasising collaboration with policymakers and stakeholders.

This report analyses how the top 20 highest-emitting countries address pro-climate behaviour through their Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs). It highlights that while progress has been made in promoting electric vehicles, public transport, and household energy efficiency, crucial areas like sustainable diets and air travel are often overlooked, limiting the potential for impactful change.

Examining the interplay between financial systems and ecological thresholds, this research identifies pivotal financial flows linked to land use changes in the Brazilian Amazon and Indonesian peatlands. It proposes targeted interventions to steer these investments towards sustainable practices, emphasising the need for global policy alignment to mitigate the systemic risks posed by ecosystem tipping points.

This report investigates the impact of trade sanctions on the stability of climate coalitions, finding that sanctions can increase coalition size when coalitions are large. However, smaller coalitions risk destabilisation if retaliation occurs. While sanctions may foster cooperation, global welfare implications remain mixed due to trade distortions.

This report examines the role of e-fuels in decarbonising transport, focusing on their potential for aviation and shipping. It provides a techno-economic assessment of e-fuel technologies, evaluates necessary cost reductions and infrastructure investments, and highlights policy considerations. E-fuels, derived from electrolytic hydrogen, could diversify decarbonisation options and complement existing biofuels, especially in sectors less amenable to electrification.

This report explores the importance of stakeholder engagement for tech sector investors. It shows how engaging with affected stakeholders helps identify, assess, and mitigate human rights risks. It provides recommendations for investors to fund more rights-respecting companies.

This report outlines the risks financial institutions face due to land conversion and related financial crimes. It emphasises the convergence of land conversion with crimes like money laundering and corruption, highlighting the need for robust due diligence and risk assessment. It introduces an Environmental Crimes Financial Toolkit to aid institutions in mitigating these risks.

The study underscores the necessity of macro-level planning for energy decarbonisation. It delves into the geographical intricacies and dynamics of mineral resource extraction during the transition, providing an empirical foundation to evaluate spatial impacts and demographic shifts. It reveals potential risks and disparities in risk distribution, emphasizing targeted planning's importance.

The 2024 XDI report ranks over 2,600 regions worldwide according to the projected damage to the built environment from extreme weather and climate change, including floods, wildfires and sea-level rises, and which of these regions are likely to see the largest escalation in damage from 1990 to 2050.

This paper presents pathways to achieving growth positive zero-emission targets by 2050. The report concludes that significant action is required globally to achieve the low-carbon transition required to limit temperature increases to 1.5 °C, including the refashioning of multiple fundamental socio-economic systems and the international co-operation of decision-makers.

This report analyses the potential valuation of BMW, Daimler, and Volkswagen under two different climate change scenarios and pathways. The study reveals insights for equity analysis and company engagement with sensitivity to regional and technological factors. Authors present a warning not to see findings as investment recommendations or forecast.

The CFA Institute and Principles for Responsible Investment commissioned a survey on ESG integration, revealing that 56% of investors integrate governance into their equity analysis. Analysts may engage in ESG in fixed-income analysis to evaluate the risks and value of assets. ESG issues help investors arrive at estimates of fair stock value.

This report provides an overview of contemporary evidence that climate change presents foreseeable, and in many cases material, financial and systemic risks that affect corporations and their investors. It discusses general climate obligations, directors' duties, disclosure obligations, and advice to directors, emphasising the importance of embedding climate change in financial risk management, disclosure, and supervisory practices.

This investor toolkit provides guidance on managing human rights and international humanitarian law (IHL) risks before, during, and after armed conflicts. It helps investors identify and address these risks in their portfolios, ensuring compliance with legal obligations and promoting responsible investment practices.