Library | ESG issues

Governance

The governance pillar in ESG (environmental, social, and governance) refers to the systems, policies, and practices that ensure an organisation is managed responsibly and ethically. It includes issues such as board structure, reporting & disclosures, shareholders & voting, and risk management. Strong governance reduces risks, enhances trust, and supports long-term business sustainability.

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Impact investing in biodiversity conservation with bonds: An analysis of financial and environmental risk

This report examines the financial and environmental risks associated with impact investing in biodiversity conservation through bonds. It evaluates five case studies, analysing the projects' theories of change, potential risks, and mitigation strategies. The findings highlight complexities in achieving both financial returns and conservation impact, with concerns about vague metrics and project uncertainties.
Research
21 May 2022

A sustainable finance policy engagement handbook

Principles for Responsible Investment (PRI)
This handbook introduces six principles outlining institutional investors' commitment to incorporate ESG issues in investment analysis, ownership policies and practices, and promotion of acceptance and implementation of the Principles. The report explains how responsible investors can engage with policymakers to promote a sustainable financial system.
Research
25 November 2022

Industry influence on biodiversity policy: A pilot study demonstrating industry associations’ engagement on biodiversity-related policy and regulations

InfluenceMap
This report reveals that industry associations representing key sectors and some of the largest companies in the world are lobbying to delay, dilute, and block critically needed biodiversity policy in both the EU and US. The vast majority of engagement on specific policies and regulations is oppositional, seeking to roll back, weaken, or block policy.
Research
24 October 2022

Summary for policymakers of the methodological assessment regarding the diverse conceptualisation of multiple values of nature and its benefits, including biodiversity and ecosystem functions and services

This paper is on the diverse conceptualisations of multiple values of nature, its benefits, and the valuation of nature asserts that policymaking frequently ignores nature's assorted values, focusing on only a small subset, and details how diversity in valuation is salient but challenging.
Research
9 July 2022

Integrating nutrition and obesity prevention considerations into institutional investment decisions regarding food companies: Australian investment sector perspectives

This study investigates views of stakeholders in the Australian investment sector on the incorporation of nutrition and obesity prevention considerations within institutional investment decision-making regarding food companies and identifies several key challenges and opportunities to the integration of nutrition and obesity prevention considerations.
Research
8 November 2022

Intangible cultural heritage, diverse knowledge systems, and climate change

This paper explores the relationship between climate change, different knowledge systems, culture, and heritage. It discusses the importance of a historical perspective, defines and describes different knowledge systems, and addresses the limitations of the predominant scientific approach. It also presents a framework for collaboration among plural knowledge systems.
Research
12 September 2022

Guiding principles for responsible investment stewardship in Aotearoa New Zealand

Stewardship Code Aotearoa New Zealand
The Stewardship Code is a voluntary guideline crafted by New Zealand industry experts, aiding financial market participants in responsible investment stewardship. Comprising nine principles, it supplements regulatory mandates, allowing voluntary adoption and reporting on a 'comply or explain' basis.
Research
15 May 2023

The nature-based economy: How Australia’s prosperity depends on nature

Australian Conservation Foundation
This report highlights the link between nature and economic productivity in Australia. The report illustrates that approximately half of Australia’s GDP is directly dependent on specific ecosystem services derived from natural capital. The report sets out recommendations for action to halt and reverse the decline of nature in order to create a Nature Positive future.
Research
6 September 2022

Indigenous business growth: Working together to realise potential

Supply Nation
This report says that increasing support for Indigenous businesses could, in turn, lead to prosperity for all Australians. A higher level of commitment and collaboration from both business and government is required. Challenges facing Indigenous businesses include start-up funding, skills and support systems and lack of demand for services.
Research
9 October 2018

Systemic interventions for decarbonisation: The business perspective

Nordic Sustainability
This report advocates for a systemic approach to accelerate rapid decarbonisation, positioning innovative businesses to win from driving such an approach. The report evaluates the associated theoretical high-level insights in the case of the decarbonisation of the light road transport sector, proposing a set of principles for decarbonisation and mindset shifts for business innovators and incumbents.
Research
1 November 2022

Global assessment report on disaster risk reduction - our world at risk: Transforming governance for a resilient future

United Nations (UN)
The report explores the challenges faced in managing systemic risk, the complexity of decision-making in volatile situations and offers solutions for improving risk communication.
Research
20 July 2022

Investing for outcomes: Why impact is relevant beyond impact investing

Citi
This report explores the importance of measuring the impact of investing activities, particularly in the increasingly popular field of impact investing. It discusses the use of data to assess a company's social and environmental footprint, the role of taxonomies in impact investing, and the rise of impact awareness.
Research
19 April 2022

The future of investor engagement: A call for systematic stewardship to address systemic climate risk

United Nations Environment Programme Finance Initiative (UNEP FI)
This report provides a call to action for investors to engage in systematic stewardship to address systemic climate risk. It explores limitations of corporate engagement and presents alternative opportunities for engagement such as sector and value chain engagement, policy engagement, and asset manager engagement.
Research
5 May 2023

Transparency, traceability and deforestation in the Ivorian cocoa supply chain

This report quantifies cocoa-driven deforestation in Côte d'Ivoire and assesses the traceability of the cocoa supply chain. Findings reveal that 46% of deforestation and forest degradation in the region over 2000-2019 was due to cocoa production. Only 43.6% of exports can be traced back to specific cooperatives and departments.
Research
13 September 2022

Finance and climate change: A comprehensive climate assessment of the world’s largest financial institutions

InfluenceMap
An analysis of the top 30 global financial institutions exposes a notable absence of immediate action on climate change. While pledging net-zero targets by 2050, their plans lack focus and lack measurable short-term actions. Urgent reshaping of activities is imperative for these institutions to effectively transition to a net-zero future.
Research
25 March 2022

Doughnut design for business: DEAL’s guide to redesigning businesses through doughnut economics

Doughnut Economics Action Lab (DEAL)
This report is a guide for businesses to redesign their operations based on Doughnut Economics principles that focus on deep transformation to become regenerative and distributive. It explores transformative ideas, redesign possibilities, impacts, dependencies, and current design barriers/enablers.
Research
1 February 2024
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