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Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions, including carbon dioxide and methane, trap heat in the atmosphere and drive climate change. Reducing emissions is vital to mitigating global warming risks and aligning with climate targets like the Paris Agreement, influencing long-term corporate and investment strategies.

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Miracle crops? Limited potential, serious risks: the environmental case for caution on intermediate and degraded-land biofuel crops in Europe

Transport and Environment
This T&E report evaluates intermediate and degraded-land crops for EU biofuels. It finds limited domestic supply potential and significant environmental risks, including emissions from fertilisers and land-use change. T&E recommends strict safeguards, a 70% greenhouse gas saving threshold, and prioritising these fuels for the aviation sector only.
Research
1 May 2026

Progress report of China’s National Carbon Market (2026)

Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People’s Republic of China
China’s 2026 carbon market report details the expansion of the National ETS into steel, cement, and aluminium sectors. It highlights record trading volumes, the entry into force of the Ecological and Environmental Code, and the use of AI-driven digital infrastructure to support carbon neutrality goals.
Research
12 September 2026

IGCC's state of net zero investment series

Investor Group on Climate Change
This benchmark series provides an analysis of climate-related investment practices among institutional investors. It tracks progress against recognised frameworks, identifies structural barriers to capital deployment, and monitors evolving trends. The series explores how assets are managed in response to climate risk, supporting a transition towards net-zero goals.
Benchmark/series
16 June 2026

Lethal humidity and the systemic risks of climate change

This report examines the systemic threats posed by lethal humidity, where extreme heat and moisture exceed human physiological limits. Focusing on historical cases and Indonesia, it details cascading impacts on health, energy, and agriculture. It calls for urgent emissions reductions and improved global cooling strategies to mitigate escalating climate risks.
Research
12 May 2026

Who pays for climate breakdown? Banks, financed emissions, and the road to climate accountability

London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
This research examines the legal principles for holding banks accountable for climate breakdown. It evaluates shifting causation standards from 'but-for' to 'material contribution', explores quantification methodologies like PCAF, and analyses strategic litigation. The report highlights banks' transition from passive intermediaries to active contributors responsible for financing global emissions.
Research
15 June 2026

Climate Change Indicators Dashboard

Climate Central
A real-time global dashboard from Climate Central providing data visualisations on key climate indicators, attribution science, and extreme weather impacts to help professionals assess environmental risks and infrastructure vulnerability.
Online tool/database
22 October 2026

Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory: Agriculture Sector Emissions

A US EPA resource providing detailed data on greenhouse gas emissions from the agricultural sector, including livestock, manure, and soil management trends since 1990.
Online tool/database
11 April 2024

Voluntary Corporate Climate Targets in a Patchwork Policy Landscape

National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER)
The Salata Institute Corporate Climate Targets Database tracks voluntary emission commitments from Russell 3000 firms (2000-2024), documenting how corporate goals interact with public policy.
Online tool/database
1 October 2026

Fossil Free Web 2026

A report and data resource by the Green Web Foundation tracking the internet's transition to green energy. It highlights the environmental impact of AI and hyperscale data centres.
Online tool/database
1 April 2026

ClimateDeck

Rhodium Group
ClimateDeck is a data platform by Rhodium Group providing global clean energy investment tracking, greenhouse gas emissions inventories, and energy market forecasts to support climate risk analysis.
Online tool/database
7 August 2024

Driving circular economy innovation in India and Kenya

This report evaluates the Circular Economy Innovation Cluster (CEIC) programme in Bengaluru and Nairobi from 2023-2025. It identifies impacts including 124 collaborations, support for 1,550 informal workers, and a potential reduction of 218 kt CO2eq annually through upstream innovation and enhanced ecosystem coordination.
Research
29 October 2025

Global warming and the National Cattlemen’s Association 1986–1996

This research examines the National Cattlemen’s Association’s response to global warming evidence between 1986 and 1996. The organisation prioritised strategic communications and public relations over production changes to mitigate methane emissions. By reframing scientific findings and challenging critics, the NCA aimed to protect beef demand and industry interests.
Research
7 October 2026

Integrating climate into corporate finance: Global evidence on internal carbon pricing

This report analyses the determinants and effectiveness of internal carbon pricing (ICP) globally. It finds that smaller boards and science-based targets drive higher pricing. While ICP adoption reduces short-term profitability due to capital reallocation, it successfully slows emission growth, even as absolute emissions remain linked to production.
Research
25 February 2026

The economic value of decarbonising the Pilbara

Cyan Ventures
This report evaluates the economic impact of applying a A$50 million Fuel Tax Credit cap to decarbonise the Pilbara. It estimates A$7.1 billion to A$13.2 billion in economic value, including A$5.6 billion in induced investment, 16,800 cumulative jobs, and significant carbon abatement facilitated by common-user transmission infrastructure.
Research
10 July 2026

A price on carbon: Building towards an Asian CBAM

Climate Energy Finance (CEF)
This report advocates for an Asian Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) to harmonise carbon pricing across Asia-Pacific. Focusing on steel, aluminium, and cement, it proposes international collaboration between Australia, China, Japan, Singapore, and South Korea to accelerate industrial decarbonisation, address carbon leakage, and unlock green commodity trade.
Research
5 June 2025

Pollution pricing in equilibrium: Production, reallocation, and aggregate impacts

National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER)
NBER research into the EU-ETS reveals that carbon pricing reduces emissions primarily through market reallocation and long-run technology adoption, rather than short-run input substitution. Doubling permit prices reduces aggregate emissions by 31% over five years, with moderate impacts on total output and employment across the production network.
Research
25 August 2026
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