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Physical goods such as energy (oil, gas, renewables), metals, and agricultural products traded in global markets.

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Mind the gap: the $1.6 trillion energy transition risk

Carbon Tracker Initiative
This report delves into the challenges and degrees of risk facing the oil, gas and thermal coal industry under three different climate scenarios. It was conducted as part of the ET Risk Project funded by the EU Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme.
Research
8 March 2018

Financial services and modern slavery: Practical responses for managing risk to people

Klynveld Peat Marwick Goerdeler International (KPMG International)
This report provides a guide on how to identify and treat human rights violations in the financial services sector. It is broken down into four parts to help the sector address modern slavery risks and develop more transparent reporting practices.
Research
24 February 2021

Factory farming in Asia: Assessing investment risks

Asia Research & Engagement (ARE)
Asia's meat, dairy, and seafood industries are increasingly vulnerable to risks with the potential to damage returns. This report analyses twelve Asia-Pacific markets identifying five areas of risk including food safety and nutrition, public health, environment, animal welfare and labour standards. Each area of risk includes key questions for investors.
Research
31 August 2017

The carbon boomerang: Litigation risk as a driver and consequence of the energy transition

Sustainable Finance Observatory
This report discusses and identifies climate change related litigation risks as drivers and consequences of an energy transition. It presents a taxonomy of those risks and analyses them in the broader context of the financial risk associated with them.
Research
30 September 2017

Vanguard Group: Passive about climate change

Institute for Energy Economics and Financial Analysis (IEEFA)
As the world’s second largest asset manager, Vanguard Group Inc. has the potential to become a climate action leader. Despite Vanguard’s commitment to the Net-Zero Asset Manager initiative, the report argues that Vanguard’s significant share in fossil fuel exposed companies demonstrates a passive attitude towards climate change.
Research
30 June 2021

Blueprint for responsible policy engagement on climate change

Ceres
This paper makes the investment case for businesses and investors alike to implement policies that align with the latest science on climate change. It provides a framework that stakeholders can use to mitigate climate risks and manage the transition to a net-zero carbon economy by 2050.
Research
31 July 2020

Investing in the green economy: Sizing the opportunity

FTSE Russell
This paper emphasises the capacity of the green economy in meeting environmental objectives in decision-making processes. FTSE Russell advocate data as crucial to investors to monitor industry and company-specific contributions to the economy and to assess opportunities in new green products and services.
Research
15 December 2020

Final report: Independent assessment of social and economic conditions in the Murray–Darling Basin

Commonly known as the 'Sefton report', it provides recommendations to the Australian government on the social and economic conditions of the Murray Darling Basin. The report provides an independent assessment in regional and rural communities while highlighting the positive and negative effects of water reform.
Research
30 April 2020

Appetite for disruption: A second serving

Farm Animal Investment Risk and Return (FAIRR)
This report explores the growth of the alternative protein market, particularly in the face of supply chain disruptions, food safety concerns from COVID-19, and global emissions. This is published alongside FAIRR's Sustainable Proteins Hub, an interactive tool which allows investors to assess how companies are diversifying toward alternative, climate-positive portfolios.
Research
27 July 2020

The emergence of foreseeable biodiversity-related liability risks for financial institutions: A gathering storm?

Commonwealth Climate and Law Initiative
This report proposes a framework for financial institutions to consider biodiversity-related liability risks in their broader assessment of financial risks associated with biodiversity. Understanding the potential of liability risks will help financial institutions identify, price and mitigate the direct and indirect impacts of biodiversity-related risks.
Research
31 August 2020

How to report on the SDGs: What good looks like and why it matters

Klynveld Peat Marwick Goerdeler International (KPMG International)
Corporate action towards the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) will be fundamental to achieve necessary progress. This report aims to guide corporations on how and why to report on the SDGs and gives an overview of current progress based on the top 250 global companies.
Research
1 February 2018

From the stockholder to the stakeholder: How sustainability can drive financial outperformance

Arabesque
This 2015 report is a meta-study of over 200 sources of research on ESG (academic studies, industry reports, newspaper articles and books). It finds a positive correlation between diligent ESG and economic performance – i.e., companies with robust sustainability practices demonstrate better operational and financial market performance.
Research
31 March 2015

How can investors help prevent corporate policy capture?

Preventable Surprises
This project aims to make corporate political capture a central component of investors’ approach to ESG stewardship and integration. It leverages information on the state of play for key sectors and shares lessons learned from past investor engagements, including a 12-step process for ESG investors to address negative corporate lobbying.
Research
24 May 2021

Time for AIA to prove their climate credentials

Institute for Energy Economics and Financial Analysis (IEEFA)
IEEFA report highlights AIA's discrepancies on its climate change commitments as visible from the carbon footprint of its portfolio. AIA, one of the world's largest financial firms and one of Asia's largest insurers, is estimated to hold up to US$6 billion in coal and coal-fired investments despite commitment to three global climate accords.
Research
31 December 2020

The growth of Australia's LNG industry and the decline in greenhouse gas emission standards: Increased emissions have offset any gains from renewables' rise in electricity generation

Institute for Energy Economics and Financial Analysis (IEEFA)
Discusses the growth of Australia’s liquefied natural gas (LNG) industry from 2014-2019. Finding significant growth in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions during this period. The report provides a brief history and context of Australia’s LNG boom, explains technical aspects of the industry and outlines four factors accounting for GHG growth.
Research
30 April 2020

How markets price ESG: Have changes in ESG scores affected stock prices?

MSCI Inc.
This report takes a statistical look at the impact of historical ESG score shifts on stock prices valuation. It further determines financial performance implications for a broad spectrum of companies based on an ESG valuation curve.
Research
30 November 2018
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