Library | ESG issues

Bribery, Fraud & Corruption

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Synthetic content: Exploring the risks, technical approaches, and regulatory responses

Future of Privacy Forum (FPF)
Generative AI enables the rapid creation of synthetic content, offering both opportunities and risks. This report examines challenges like disinformation and fraud, outlines technical and regulatory strategies, and explores trade-offs with privacy. Techniques discussed include watermarking, provenance tracking, and legal frameworks, aiming to enhance transparency while safeguarding privacy.
Research
15 October 2024

Environmental crimes financial toolkit

This toolkit is a practical resource for finance professionals, outlining key indicators, typologies, and red flags related to environmental crime. Designed to support risk management and due diligence, the toolkit assists in identifying and mitigating financial exposure to environmental crime.
Online tool/database

OECD guidelines for multinational enterprises on responsible business conduct

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
This guide provides voluntary standards for responsible business, covering areas such as human rights, environmental impact, anti-corruption, and stakeholder engagement. It emphasises on climate goals, technology due diligence, and transparency in lobbying and reporting, supporting sustainable development and fair business practices globally.
Research
29 September 2011

From financial inclusion to financial health

Bank for International Settlements
This report explores the transition from financial inclusion to financial health, emphasising the need for accessible, high-quality financial services. It highlights that while inclusion is essential, poor service provision or lack of financial literacy can undermine financial health. Public policy recommendations focus on financial literacy, consumer protection, and regulatory measures.
Research
28 March 2024

Good Jobs First's violation tracker

Good Jobs First
Violation Tracker is a comprehensive database that tracks corporate misconduct in the United States and United Kingdom. It provides insights into violations, fines, and settlements across various sectors, helping finance professionals assess risks associated with corporate behaviour. This tool enhances transparency and accountability in corporate governance and compliance.
Online tool/database

Good Jobs First

Finance / Corporate Focused NGOs & Think Tanks
Good Jobs First (GJF) is a nonprofit organisation dedicated to promoting accountability and transparency in economic development. By analysing public subsidies and incentives, GJF helps communities understand the impact of corporate subsidies on local economies. Their tools and resources support informed decision-making for sustainable economic growth and responsible investment.
Organisation
1 research item

The ITSCI laundromat: How a due diligence scheme appears to launder conflict minerals

Global Witness
This report investigates how the International Tin Supply Chain Initiative (ITSCI) allegedly launders conflict minerals from mines in the Democratic Republic of Congo. It highlights serious failings in the traceability system, enabling smuggling, militia involvement, and child labour in the mineral trade. Recommendations include structural reforms and stricter enforcement by governments and companies.
Research
24 April 2022

Standard for Responsible Mining and Mineral Processing 2.0

Initiative for Responsible Mining Assurance (IRMA)
The IRMA Standard for Responsible Mining and Mineral Processing 2.0 (Draft Version) outlines best practices for mining, mineral development, and processing to enhance environmental and social responsibility. It aims to improve industry standards, promote transparency, and support compliance with local and international regulations.
Research
3 April 2024

Material insights

Responsible Minerals Initiative (RMI)
Material Insights is a tool to help companies and stakeholders manage environmental, social, and governance (ESG) risks in mineral supply chains. It provides data-driven insights on specific minerals, supporting responsible sourcing and sustainability efforts in the raw materials sector.
Online tool/database

Evaluating due diligence programs for conflict minerals: A matched analysis of 3T mines in eastern DRC

International Peace Information Service (IPIS)
This report evaluates the impact of due diligence programs (DDP) on 3T mines (tin, tantalum, and tungsten) in Eastern DRC. It finds reductions in interference by armed forces, increased state presence, but no significant changes in child labour rates. Economic improvements are noted, but DDP does not eliminate all mining-related harms.
Research
29 March 2021

International Peace Information Service (IPIS)

Commercial Research Providers
IPIS Research (International Peace Information Service) is an independent research institute focusing on conflict mapping, natural resources, and business and human rights in sub-Saharan Africa. Through in-depth analysis and field research, IPIS provides valuable insights for policymakers, NGOs, and businesses seeking to understand complex issues in these regions.
Organisation
1 research item

Financial crimes and land conversion: Uncovering risk for financial institutions

World Wide Fund for Nature (World Wildlife Fund – WWF)
This report outlines the risks financial institutions face due to land conversion and related financial crimes. It emphasises the convergence of land conversion with crimes like money laundering and corruption, highlighting the need for robust due diligence and risk assessment. It introduces an Environmental Crimes Financial Toolkit to aid institutions in mitigating these risks.
Research
22 April 2024

The Investment Integrated Project (TIIP)

Finance / Corporate Focused NGOs & Think Tanks
The Transparency International Initiative Project (TIIP) is dedicated to enhancing transparency and integrity in global finance. TIIP focuses on combating corruption, promoting ethical business practices, and providing resources for financial institutions to integrate ESG (environmental, social, and governance) criteria.
Organisation
1 research item

We know our lives are in danger: Environment of fear in South Africa's mining-affected communities

Centre for Environmental Rights
This report highlights how mining has affected South African communities and examines the legal framework and community engagement procedures relating to mining activity. It discusses the impacts of mining on communities in terms of health, environment, livelihoods and social cohesion, as well as the high levels of violence in these communities.
Research
11 April 2019

Leaders or laggards? Tax and revenue transparency of ASX listed mining, gas and oil companies

Ethical Partners
This report investigates the tax and revenue transparency disclosure policies of 20 ASX listed mining, gas and oil companies. It examines indicators deemed as "best practices" for conformity to standards, such as country-by-country reporting, mandatory disclosure legislation and The Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative. Recommendations are to move towards mandatory regulation and better disclosure.
Research
27 July 2020

On purpose: Towards a unified theory of responsible investment

This paper presents a framework for evaluating responsible investment (RI) approaches that re-align investment practice with purpose. It unifies the field, generates a coherent framework for designing quality RI offerings, and supports meaningful comparison of diverse RI offerings. It is essential reading for investors interested in RI.
Research
1 October 2020
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