Library | ESG issues
Energy Solutions & Decarbonisation
Energy solutions and decarbonisation refer to strategies and technologies that reduce carbon emissions while ensuring reliable and sustainable energy supply. This includes renewable energy sources like wind, solar, and hydropower, energy efficiency measures, electrification, carbon capture, and clean energy innovations. Decarbonisation is essential for mitigating climate change, enhancing energy security, and transitioning industries toward low-carbon operations.
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End-use Prices Data Explorer
The End-use Prices Data Explorer, provided by the International Energy Agency, tracks global energy prices across sectors like industry and transport. It helps finance professionals assess the impact of energy costs, taxes, and subsidies on market competitiveness and investment risks.
Gas reserve mechanisms and flexibility options: Enhancing gas supply security in a changing global market
This report examines mechanisms to enhance gas supply security, including physical reserves, commercial flexibility, and policy tools. It analyzes the transition to an interconnected, geopolitically complex market, advocating for international cooperation, strategic buffers, and innovative contracting to mitigate future supply disruptions and extreme price volatility.
Preventing Delays to Permitting for Critical Mineral Projects
A report by the IISD and IGF exploring how governments can streamline permitting for critical mineral mining projects to support the energy transition while protecting communities and human health.
Indian states’ electricity transition (SET) 2026
This report evaluates 21 Indian states across decarbonisation, power ecosystem readiness, and market enablers. It identifies regional leaders like Karnataka and Delhi while highlighting structural gaps. Recommendations focus on strengthening distribution company finances, implementing smart metering, and scaling energy storage to support India's target of 500 gigawatts of non-fossil capacity.
Principles of Indigenous Just Transition
The Principles of Indigenous Just Transition, developed by the Indigenous Environmental Network, provide 11 core guidelines for a regenerative economy. The tool helps investors and developers ensure that energy transitions respect Indigenous sovereignty and avoid extractive practices.
Water behind the watts: The hidden risk of powering data centers
This research identifies that U.S. data centres depend on roughly 3.4 trillion gallons of freshwater annually for electricity generation. The report highlights significant water stress and drought risks across seven key states, recommending that companies, power producers, and policymakers integrate indirect water use into their risk assessments and strategies.
An investor guide to addressing electric power risk from data center growth
This report examines risks to electricity companies from rapid data centre growth, including community opposition and grid reliability. It evaluates solutions like clean energy, flexible contracting, and demand-side management. The guide provides framework questions for shareholder engagement to ensure utilities manage expansion in a financially disciplined and sustainable manner.
Pakistan’s next power chapter: From solar success to system reform
Pakistan faces a critical turning point in its energy transition following a massive distributed solar boom. This report explores strategic pathways for system reform, addressing circular debt, transmission constraints, and a young coal fleet. It recommends a hybrid model modernising the national grid while integrating decentralised solar and storage.
Building fast. Falling short. Global Status Report for Buildings and Construction 2025–2026
The 2025–2026 Global Status Report for Buildings and Construction examines the sector's slow progress toward net-zero targets. Despite rising floor area and investment, building emissions and energy intensity remain off track. The report recommends urgent fossil-fuel phase-outs, upgraded building codes, and increased renewable energy deployment to meet 2030 milestones.
Miracle crops? Limited potential, serious risks: the environmental case for caution on intermediate and degraded-land biofuel crops in Europe
This T&E report evaluates intermediate and degraded-land crops for EU biofuels. It finds limited domestic supply potential and significant environmental risks, including emissions from fertilisers and land-use change. T&E recommends strict safeguards, a 70% greenhouse gas saving threshold, and prioritising these fuels for the aviation sector only.
Supercharging Australia's future: Mobilising capital for clean energy, industry and climate resilience
This report outlines the Investor Group on Climate Change’s policy priorities for 2026-2030. It identifies five essential jobs for climate policy to reduce systemic risk, attract private capital, and protect long-term economic value, aiming for a climate-resilient Australian economy on track for net zero emissions by 2050.
Critical minerals – The power factor in commodities
This report explores critical minerals as a structural theme rather than a cyclical trend. It highlights that bottlenecks in downstream processing and high geographic concentration, particularly in China, create strategic vulnerabilities. For investors, value-chain-based assessments are prioritised over short-term price movements to navigate this lasting global economic transformation.
IGCC's state of net zero investment series
This benchmark series provides an analysis of climate-related investment practices among institutional investors. It tracks progress against recognised frameworks, identifies structural barriers to capital deployment, and monitors evolving trends. The series explores how assets are managed in response to climate risk, supporting a transition towards net-zero goals.
AI Tailwinds, Energy Headwinds
This benchmark series examines economic growth and development across the East Asia and Pacific region. It explores the impact of artificial intelligence on industrial sectors and supply chains, alongside the challenges posed by energy costs and environmental factors for small states and emerging market economies.
Renewables, electrification and flexibility: For a competitive EU energy system transformation by 2030
This European Environment Agency report outlines the transformation required to achieve a sustainable EU energy system by 2030. It prioritises renewables-based electrification, flexibility, and energy efficiency across electricity, heating, and transport subsystems to enhance competitiveness, security, and progress towards 2050 climate neutrality goals.
India’s critical mineral imports in 2025 and a shift towards supply diversification
This report examines India’s dependence on critical mineral imports for its clean energy transition. It analyses trade dynamics for cobalt, copper, graphite, lithium, and nickel, highlighting a strategic shift towards supply diversification. Significant risks arise from geographical concentration, prompting India to seek resilient partnerships with various global suppliers.
