Library | ESG issues
Governance
The governance pillar in ESG (environmental, social, and governance) refers to the systems, policies, and practices that ensure an organisation is managed responsibly and ethically. It includes issues such as board structure, reporting & disclosures, shareholders & voting, and risk management. Strong governance reduces risks, enhances trust, and supports long-term business sustainability.
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Worlds apart: Contrasting US-China approaches to scaling clean technology manufacturing
Global clean technology manufacturing investment has declined significantly, led by pullbacks in China and the United States. While China addresses overcapacity, US investment reversed following the One Big Beautiful Bill Act. This report explores the diverging drivers, policy shifts, and future competitive landscape for both nations.
Climate Pathways Project Simulation Tools
A suite of interactive climate policy simulators, including En-ROADS, developed by MIT Sloan and Climate Interactive. These tools help leaders and finance professionals model the impacts of carbon pricing, electrification, and energy efficiency on global warming in real-time.
Innovations in sustainability systems to support corporate due diligence
A resource hub from ISEAL Alliance providing case studies on how sustainability systems support corporate due diligence. It explores innovations like gamified worker training and digital risk assessments to improve supply chain transparency and human rights monitoring.
Extreme Weather Toolkit: Extreme Heat
A resource hub from Climate Central providing data, analysis, and visualisations on the trends and local impacts of extreme heat, including the Climate Shift Index and urban heat island studies.
Circular economy practice in India: Three case studies
This report examines India’s transition to a circular economy, highlighting policy frameworks like Extended Producer Responsibility and NITI Aayog’s strategic focus areas. Through case studies of Siemens, Tata Steel, and Volvo Construction Equipment, it demonstrates how circular principles drive resource efficiency, waste reduction, and business value.
Who funds and who pays: The funding of solar geoengineering, 2020–2025
This report examines the dramatic tenfold increase in solar geoengineering funding between 2020 and 2025. It highlights the dominance of US and UK tech billionaires and government agencies in financing research, raising concerns about transparency, democratic oversight, and the marginalisation of Global South interests in climate policy.
Employment in the circular economy: Leveraging circularity to create decent work
This report provides a global baseline for circular economy employment, estimating that 121 to 142 million people work in the sector. Produced by Circle Economy, the ILO, and World Bank Group, it highlights the prevalence of informal work and the need for policies ensuring a just, inclusive transition.
Annual sustainable investment asset owner survey series
This benchmark series examines global asset owner attitudes and approaches to sustainable investment. It tracks adoption levels, thematic priorities, and perceived barriers across diverse regions and asset classes. The research provides factual insights into how sustainability factors are integrated into core investment practices, aiding portfolio construction and risk management.
Limited impacts of shareholder pressure on climate strategy of fossil firms
This research examines shareholder pressure on US fossil fuel firms’ climate strategies. Using NLP to analyse 10-K filings and SEC regulatory changes, it finds limited impact on substantive reforms. Firms often employ symbolic disclosures or procedural tactics to resist decarbonisation, suggesting that mandatory policy is required for transition.
Collection of Open-Access CARMINE Publications
A comprehensive repository of open-access research and deliverables from the CARMINE project, providing advanced climate-risk assessment methodologies and case study data to support environmental resilience and informed financial risk analysis.
Reconsidering supply chains and industrial policy from the economic security perspective
This report analyses supply chain resilience and industrial policy through the lens of economic security. It evaluates market failures in supply chain investment, examines cases of Chinese economic coercion, and assesses Japanese semiconductor subsidies for TSMC and Rapidus, emphasizing the roles of diversification, existing industrial clusters, and international research collaboration.
Role of Japanese firms in the East Asian electronics industry: A supply chain network perspective
This research analyses Japan's position in the East Asian electronics supply chain using network science. While Japan remains a vital upstream supplier of components and equipment, its dominance in mainstream semiconductors has declined. Conversely, Japanese firms maintain strong leadership within automotive clusters and unique electronics-automation-utilities ecosystems.
Redirecting sovereign capital to accelerate Indonesia’s energy transition
This report examines Indonesia’s sovereign wealth fund, Danantara, and its role in the energy transition. It highlights the fiscal risks of subsidy-dependent energy SOEs and recommends a strategic shift towards renewables. Drawing on global SWF experiences, it advocates for portfolio diversification to ensure long-term profitability and national energy security.
AI systems at work: A changing psychosocial work environment
This International Labour Organization report examines the psychosocial risks of AI systems in workplaces. It identifies how algorithmic management and advanced robotics impact mental health, autonomy, and privacy. The paper advocates for integrated regulatory frameworks across labour law and safety standards to protect workers from emerging digital hazards.
Supporting just transitions through social protection: Key roles for philanthropy
This briefing paper explores how philanthropy can support just transitions to net zero through social protection. It examines the socio-economic risks of decarbonisation, identifies systemic coverage gaps, and highlights catalytic roles for philanthropic capital in capacity building, research, and policy alignment to ensure an inclusive transition.
Global South Climate Database
A searchable database maintained by Carbon Brief providing access to over 1,100 climate experts from the Global South. It enables finance professionals to connect with specialists in carbon markets, climate policy, and regional environmental risks across Asia, Africa, and Latin America.
