The Banking on Climate Chaos is a multi-year research series assessing how major global banks finance fossil fuel activities. It provides a consistent framework to review lending and underwriting linked to fossil fuels and expansion, supporting year-on-year comparison and broader analysis of banking practices.

RETScreen is a clean energy management software developed by Natural Resources Canada to assess renewable energy and energy efficiency projects. It supports feasibility analysis, financial evaluation, energy performance tracking and greenhouse gas emissions analysis using integrated global climate, cost and benchmark datasets.

Natural Resources Canada (NRCan) is a federal department advancing sustainable development of Canada’s energy, minerals, forests and earth sciences. It delivers research, data, policy and tools on climate change, clean energy, critical minerals and resource efficiency, supporting evidence-based decision-making by governments, industry and the public across domestic and international contexts.

Global Renewables Watch Atlas is an open, interactive database mapping utility-scale solar and wind projects worldwide. It provides project-level data on location, capacity, and development status to support analysis of renewable energy deployment, infrastructure planning, and investment-related research.

Global Renewables Watch is a project/initiative of Global Energy Monitor, which acts as the organisational author and is responsible for governance, data production, and oversight.

Global Energy Monitor is an open-access research database that compiles and analyses global energy infrastructure data, including fossil fuel and renewable projects, via interactive tools, maps and downloadable datasets to support informed analysis of energy trends and ownership structures.

The Global Energy and Climate Model is an integrated analytical tool developed by the International Energy Agency to assess long-term global energy systems. It supports scenario analysis of energy demand, supply, investment and emissions under different policy and technology pathways.

Electricity Maps is a global electricity data platform offering historical, real-time and forecasted information on generation mix, carbon intensity, prices and flows via interactive maps and an API. It supports integration into applications for sustainability insights, carbon accounting and energy analysis across regions worldwide.

The United Nations SDGs platform (sdgs.un.org) is an online hub for the 2030 Agenda and 17 Sustainable Development Goals, offering goals, targets, indicators, events, publications and global actions to track and support SDG implementation. It also includes registries of voluntary commitments and multi-stakeholder partnerships.

This paper argues that Europe’s green transition depends on aligning digital transformation with sustainability goals. It outlines how digital research can both reduce its own environmental footprint and enable climate action, calling for long-term, interdisciplinary research investment and coordinated EU policy.

IFC’s report argues that repurposing power market designs is critical to achieving affordable, reliable and sustainable electricity. Drawing on global data, it finds competitive markets attract private capital, improve access and accelerate renewables, while recommending tailored reforms guided by innovation, integration and institutional strength.

The report argues the Global South is rapidly adopting cleantech as its cheapest growth pathway, driven by low energy access, limited fossil resources and abundant renewables. Falling costs, electrification and Chinese supply underpin accelerating solar and wind deployment, with fossil fuel demand for electricity expected to peak by 2030.

The report assesses energy financing by 65 major banks (2021–2024), finding fossil fuel finance more than double sustainable power supply. The energy supply financing ratio stagnates around 0.42:1, far below net-zero benchmarks, with regional disparities and weak translation of climate commitments into financing shifts.

The study analyses sustainability reports from major listed companies to assess alignment with Paris climate targets. Using natural language processing, it finds alignment depends on the type of actions taken. Firms prioritising innovation and energy transition outperform those focused on risk mitigation.

This IEA report examines how common, transparent criteria for sustainable fuels could support decarbonisation. It compares existing standards, highlights inconsistencies in definitions, and proposes supply-chain greenhouse gas intensity as a basis for fair comparison and policy alignment.

The report argues that green industrial policy must actively manage a fossil fuel wind-down. It contends that renewables expansion alone is insufficient, calling for public planning, regulation, and ownership to ensure equitable decarbonisation and prevent fossil fuel liabilities shifting to the public.

Resilient LLP is a specialist climate change and clean energy law firm providing expert legal, policy and regulatory advice to public and private energy companies, governments, financial institutions and NGOs. It focuses on carbon markets, net-zero strategy, sustainable finance and Indigenous rights in the energy transition.